Rabbit Polyclonal Cytochrome C antibody. Suitable for IHC-P, WB, ICC/IF and reacts with Human, Mouse, Rat samples. Cited in 119 publications.
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- Scientific reports 13:114342023The human acetylcholinesterase C-terminal T30 peptide activates neuronal growth through alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and the mTOR pathway.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesAlexandru Graur,Patricia Sinclair,Amanda K Schneeweis,Daniel T Pak,Nadine KabbaniPubMed 37454238
- Cell death & disease 14:3242023Obesity impairs cardiolipin-dependent mitophagy and therapeutic intercellular mitochondrial transfer ability of mesenchymal stem cells.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesShakti Sagar,Md Imam Faizan,Nisha Chaudhary,Vandana Singh,Praveen Singh,Atish Gheware,Khushboo Sharma,Iqbal Azmi,Vijay Pal Singh,Gaurav Kharya,Ulaganathan Mabalirajan,Anurag Agrawal,Tanveer Ahmad,Soumya Sinha RoyPubMed 37173333
- International journal of molecular sciences 23:2022Alpha-Synuclein: The Spark That Flames Dopaminergic Neurons, In Vitro and In Vivo Evidence.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesAlexandre Henriques,Laura Rouvière,Elodie Giorla,Clémence Farrugia,Bilal El Waly,Philippe Poindron,Noëlle CallizotPubMed 36077253
- Cells 11:2022TSPO Deficiency Exacerbates GSDMD-Mediated Macrophage Pyroptosis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesXue Zhang,Jingyi Han,Yi Xu,Menghua Cai,Fei Gao,Jiajia Han,Dongdong Wang,Yi Fu,Hui Chen,Wei He,Jianmin ZhangPubMed 35269479
- Developmental cell 57:260-276.e92022Regulation of reverse electron transfer at mitochondrial complex I by unconventional Notch action in cancer stem cells.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesRani Ojha,Ishaq Tantray,Suman Rimal,Siddhartha Mitra,Sam Cheshier,Bingwei LuPubMed 35077680
- Frontiers in pharmacology 12:7237842022Ginsenoside Rb1 Attenuates Triptolide-Induced Cytotoxicity in HL-7702 Cells the Activation of Keap1/Nrf2/ARE Pathway.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesHulinyue Peng,Longtai You,Chunjing Yang,Kaixin Wang,Manting Liu,Dongge Yin,Yuchen Xu,Xiaoxv Dong,Xingbin Yin,Jian NiPubMed 35046796
- Bioengineered 12:10176-101862021MicroRNA-506 has a suppressive effect on the tumorigenesis of nonsmall-cell lung cancer by regulating tubby-like protein 3.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesZhan-Hua Li,Ji-Hong Zhou,Si-Ning Chen,Ling Pan,Yuan Feng,Mei-Qun Luo,Rui-Xiang Li,Gui-Li SunPubMed 34874810
- Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM 2021:53860502021Shikonin Promotes Apoptosis and Attenuates Migration and Invasion of Human Esophageal Cancer Cells by Inhibiting Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Protein 1 Expression and AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesJingrong Huang,Li Zhao,Chengxian Gong,Yi Wang,Yinzong Qu,Chunyan Ji,Jianmei YangPubMed 34812264
- Cells 10:2021Catalpol Protects ARPE-19 Cells against Oxidative Stress via Activation of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE Pathway.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesLongtai You,Hulinyue Peng,Jing Liu,Mengru Cai,Huimin Wu,Zhiqin Zhang,Jie Bai,Yu Yao,Xiaoxv Dong,Xingbin Yin,Jian NiPubMed 34685615
- Marine drugs 19:2021MMP-9 and IL-1β as Targets for Diatoxanthin and Related Microalgal Pigments: Potential Chemopreventive and Photoprotective Agents.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesLuigi Pistelli,Clementina Sansone,Arianna Smerilli,Marco Festa,Douglas M Noonan,Adriana Albini,Christophe BrunetPubMed 34206447
Key facts
- Isotype
- IgG
- Host species
- Rabbit
- Storage buffer
pH: 7.4
Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azide
Constituents: 98.98% PBS, 1% BSA- Form
- Liquid
- Clonality
- Polyclonal
Immunogen
- The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.
Consider this alternative
Reactivity data
Select an application| IHC-P | WB | ICC/IF | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Human | Tested | Tested | Tested |
| Mouse | Expected | Tested | Expected |
| Rat | Expected | Tested | Expected |
| Cow | Predicted | Predicted | Predicted |
| Horse | Predicted | Predicted | Predicted |
| Pig | Predicted | Predicted | Predicted |
| Primates | Predicted | Predicted | Predicted |
| Rabbit | Predicted | Predicted | Predicted |
| Sheep | Predicted | Predicted | Predicted |
IHC-P
TestedTested
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1 µg/mL | Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
ExpectedExpected
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Rat | Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration. | Notes - |
PredictedPredicted
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Sheep, Rabbit, Horse, Cow, Pig, Primates | Dilution info - | Notes - |
WB
TestedTested
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Mouse | Dilution info 1 µg/mL | Notes - |
Species Rat | Dilution info 1 µg/mL | Notes - |
Species Human | Dilution info 1 µg/mL | Notes - |
PredictedPredicted
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Sheep, Rabbit, Horse, Cow, Pig, Primates | Dilution info - | Notes - |
ICC/IF
TestedTested
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1 µg/mL | Notes - |
ExpectedExpected
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Rat | Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration. | Notes - |
PredictedPredicted
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Sheep, Rabbit, Horse, Cow, Pig, Primates | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Associated Products
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Target data
Function
Electron carrier protein. The oxidized form of the cytochrome c heme group can accept an electron from the heme group of the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase. Cytochrome c then transfers this electron to the cytochrome oxidase complex, the final protein carrier in the mitochondrial electron-transport chain. Plays a role in apoptosis. Suppression of the anti-apoptotic members or activation of the pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family leads to altered mitochondrial membrane permeability resulting in release of cytochrome c into the cytosol. Binding of cytochrome c to Apaf-1 triggers the activation of caspase-9, which then accelerates apoptosis by activating other caspases.
Alternative names
CYC, CYCS, Cytochrome c
Recommended products
Rabbit Polyclonal Cytochrome C antibody. Suitable for IHC-P, WB, ICC/IF and reacts with Human, Mouse, Rat samples. Cited in 119 publications.
Key facts
- Isotype
- IgG
- Host species
- Rabbit
- Storage buffer
pH: 7.4
Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azide
Constituents: 98.98% PBS, 1% BSA- Form
- Liquid
- Clonality
- Polyclonal
- Immunogen
- The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.
- Purification technique
- Affinity purification Immunogen
- Concentration
Storage
- Shipped at conditions
- Blue Ice
- Appropriate short-term storage duration
- 1-2 weeks
- Appropriate short-term storage conditions
- +4°C
- Appropriate long-term storage conditions
- -20°C
- Aliquoting information
- Upon delivery aliquot
- Storage information
- Avoid freeze / thaw cycle
Notes
Abcam is leading the way to address reproducibility in scientific research with our highly validated recombinant monoclonal and recombinant multiclonal antibodies. Search & select one of Abcam's thousands of recombinant alternatives to eliminate batch-variability and unnecessary animal use.
If you do not find a host species to meet your needs, our catalogue and custom Chimeric range provides scientists the specificity of Abcam's RabMAbs in the species backbone of your choice. Remember to also review our range of edited cell lines, proteins and biochemicals relevant to your target that may help you further your research goals.
Abcam antibodies are extensively validated in a wide range of species and applications, so please check the reagent specifications meet your scientific needs before purchasing. If you have any questions or bespoke requirements, simply visit the Contact Us page to send us an inquiry or contact our Support Team ahead of purchase.
Supplementary info
- This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
- Activity summary
Cytochrome C also referred to as "cytochrome c" or "Cyt C" is a small protein with a molecular weight of approximately 12 kDa. It is a component of the electron transport chain playing an essential mechanical role in cellular respiration. Cytochrome C is expressed in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells where it functions as a heme protein. The mass of this protein allows efficient electron transfer between Complex III (cytochrome bc1 complex) and Complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase) contributing to ATP synthesis.
- Biological function summary
Cytochrome c contributes to the process of oxidative phosphorylation within mitochondria. It is not only an important electron carrier but it also plays a significant role in apoptosis. In the event of cellular stress cytochrome c releases into the cytosol and forms part of the apoptosome complex. This apoptosome activation leads to the caspase cascade driving programmed cell death. Therefore cytochrome C serves as both a mediator of energy production and a regulator of apoptosis.
- Pathways
Cytochrome c is integral to the mitochondrial electron transport chain and apoptotic pathways. It interacts with proteins in these pathways such as cytochrome c oxidase in oxidative phosphorylation and Apaf-1 during apoptosis. The electron transport chain's function is dependent on the efficient transfer of electrons facilitated by cytochrome c ensuring ATP production in cellular respiration.
- Associated diseases and disorders
Cytochrome c links to conditions like cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. In cancer its role in the apoptotic pathway often emerges as cancer cells can develop mechanisms to evade apoptosis impacting cytochrome c release. For neurodegenerative diseases disruptions in mitochondrial function and cytochrome c's release can facilitate cell death implicating its role in conditions like Parkinson's disease. The interaction of cytochrome c with proteins such as p53 in response to cellular stress further highlights its involvement in disease pathogenesis.
Product promise
Tested
We have tested this species and application combination and it works. It is covered by our product promise.
Expected
We have not tested this specific species and application combination in-house, but expect it will work. It is covered by our product promise.
Predicted
This species and application combination has not been tested, but we predict it will work based on strong homology. However, this combination is not covered by our product promise.
Not recommended
We do not recommend this combination. It is not covered by our product promise.
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7 product images
Western blot - Anti-Cytochrome C antibody (ab90529)
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-Cytochrome C antibody (ab90529) at 1 µg/mL
Lane 1: HeLa (Human epithelial carcinoma cell line) Whole Cell Lysate at 10 µg
Lane 2: HepG2 (Human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cell line) Whole Cell Lysate at 10 µg
Lane 3: MCF7 (Human breast adenocarcinoma cell line) Whole Cell Lysate at 10 µg
Lane 4: HEK293 (Human embryonic kidney cell line) Whole Cell Lysate at 10 µg
Lane 5: Human testis tissue lysate - total protein (ab30257) at 10 µg
Lane 6: Human liver tissue lysate - total protein (ab29889) at 10 µg
SecondaryAll lanes: Western blot - Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) preadsorbed (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) preadsorbed ab97080) at 1/5000 dilution
Developed using the ECL technique.
Performed under reducing conditions.
Predicted band size: 11 kDa
Observed band size: 15 kDa
Exposure time: 30min
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-Cytochrome C antibody (ab90529)
ab90529 staining cytochrome C in HepG2 cells treated with mevastatin (Mevastatin, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor ab120652), by ICC/IF. Increase of cytochrome C expression correlates with increased concentration of mevastatin, as described in literature.
The cells were incubated at 37°C for 4 hours in media containing different concentrations of Mevastatin, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor ab120652 (mevastatin) in DMSO, fixed with 4% formaldehyde for 10 minutes at room temperature and blocked with PBS containing 10% goat serum, 0.3 M glycine, 1% BSA and 0.1% tween for 2h at room temperature. Staining of the treated cells with ab90529 (1 µg/ml) was performed overnight at 4°C in PBS containing 1% BSA and 0.1% tween. A DyLight 488 anti-rabbit polyclonal antibody (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (DyLight® 488) preadsorbed ab96899) at 1/250 dilution was used as the secondary antibody. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI and are shown in blue.
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-Cytochrome C antibody (ab90529)
ab90529 staining cytochrome C in HepG2 cells treated with mevastatin sodium salt (ab120854), by ICC/IF. Increase of cytochrome C expression correlates with increased concentration of mevastatin sodium salt, as described in literature.
The cells were incubated at 37°C for 4 hours in media containing different concentrations of ab120854 (mevastatin sodium salt) in DMSO, fixed with 4% formaldehyde for 10 minutes at room temperature and blocked with PBS containing 10% goat serum, 0.3 M glycine, 1% BSA and 0.1% tween for 2h at room temperature. Staining of the treated cells with ab90529 (1 µg/ml) was performed overnight at 4°C in PBS containing 1% BSA and 0.1% tween. A DyLight 488 anti-rabbit polyclonal antibody (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (DyLight® 488) preadsorbed ab96899) at 1/250 dilution was used as the secondary antibody. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI and are shown in blue.
Western blot - Anti-Cytochrome C antibody (ab90529)
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-Cytochrome C antibody (ab90529) at 1 µg/mL
Lane 1: Heart (Mouse) Tissue Lysate at 10 µg
Lane 2: Heart (Rat) Tissue Lysate at 10 µg
SecondaryAll lanes: Western blot - Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) preadsorbed (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) preadsorbed ab97080) at 1/5000 dilution
Developed using the ECL technique.
Performed under reducing conditions.
Predicted band size: 11 kDa
Observed band size: 14 kDa, 30 kDa, 65 kDa
Exposure time: 4min
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Cytochrome C antibody (ab90529)
IHC image of Cytochrome C staining in human skeletal muscle formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue section, performed on a Leica BondTM system using the standard protocol F. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with sodium citrate buffer (pH6, epitope retrieval solution 1) for 20 mins. The section was then incubated with ab90529, 1µg/ml, for 15 mins at room temperature and detected using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. The section was then counterstained with haematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
For other IHC staining systems (automated and non-automated) customers should optimize variable parameters such as antigen retrieval conditions, primary antibody concentration and antibody incubation times.
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-Cytochrome C antibody (ab90529)
ab90529 staining Cytochrome C in HepG2 cells. The cells were fixed with 100% methanol (5 min), permeabilized with 0.1% PBS-Triton X-100 for 5 minutes and then blocked with 1% BSA/10% normal goat serum/0.3M glycine in 0.1%PBS-Tween for 1h. The cells were then incubated overnight at 4°C with ab90529 at 1µg/ml and Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Loading Control ab7291, Mouse monoclonal [DM1A] to alpha Tubulin - Loading Control. Cells were then incubated with Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) preadsorbed ab150081, Goat polyclonal Secondary Antibody to Rabbit IgG - H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488), pre-adsorbed at 1/1000 dilution (shown in green) and Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 594) preadsorbed ab150120, Goat polyclonal Secondary Antibody to Mouse IgG - H&L (Alexa Fluor® 594), pre-adsorbed at 1/1000 dilution (shown in pseudocolour magenta). Nuclear DNA was labelled with DAPI (shown in blue).
Image was acquired with a high-content analyser (Operetta CLS, Perkin Elmer) and a maximum intensity projection of confocal sections is shown.
Image collected and cropped by CiteAb under a CC-BY license from the publication
Western blot - Anti-Cytochrome C antibody (ab90529)
Cytochrome C western blot using anti-Cytochrome C antibody ab90529. Publication image and figure legend from Ding, X., Sun, W., et al., 2018, Cancer Cell Int, PubMed 30459526.
ab90529 was used in this publication in western blot. This may not be the same as the application(s) guaranteed by Abcam. For a full list of applications guaranteed by Abcam for ab90529 please see the product overview.
IL-2 activated the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in the presence of sorafenib. a, b Mitochondrial ROS production was detected in HepG2 cells. IL-2 (5 ng/ml) treatment was carried out in the presence of 5 μM sorafenib. c–e The antioxidants in HepG2 cells under IL-2 and sorafenib co-treatment were measured via ELISA. f The mPTP opening rate was analysed to determine the mitochondrial damage. IL-2 (5 ng/ml) treatment was carried out in the presence of 5 μM sorafenib. g, h Cyt-c liberation was observed via immunofluorescence. i–o Mitochondrial apoptotic proteins were analysed by western blot. The sorafenib-mediated upregulation of apoptotic proteins was further augmented by IL-2 treatment. *P < 0.05 vs. control group; #P < 0.05 vs. sorafenib group. Cont control
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