Anti-Desmoglein 2/DSG2 antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Desmoglein 2 (DSG2) is a member of the desmoglein family of proteins sometimes referred to as desmoglein-2 or DSG 2. This protein is a calcium-binding transmembrane glycoprotein and part of the cadherin family with a molecular mass of approximately 122 kDa. DSG2 plays a mechanical role in cell-cell adhesion by forming desmosomes which are specialized structures for maintaining the integrity of tissues. DSG2 is mainly expressed in epithelial cells including those found in the heart skin and certain internal organs.

Biological function summary

DSG2 contributes to the structural stability of tissues by locking cells together forming a mechanical and signaling function. The protein is integral to the composition of desmosomes complexes that include other components such as plakoglobin and desmoplakin. These complexes strengthen intercellular adhesion which is essential for tissues that experience constant physical stress like the heart and skin. DSG2 actively participates in cell signaling impacting cellular behavior and communication.

Pathways

DSG2 plays significant roles in the heart development and epidermal differentiation pathways. DSG2 interacts with several other proteins including plakoglobin and desmoplakin to maintain cellular adhesion and tissue morphogenesis. In the cardiac setting the heart development pathway connects DSG2 with other proteins essential for maintaining the integrity and signaling within the cardiac muscle. This interaction helps modulate pathways that ensure proper cardiac function and repair processes.

Associated diseases and disorders

DSG2 is linked to arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) which affects the heart's rhythm and muscle structure. DSG2 mutations can disrupt desmosomal structure weakening cell adhesion and leading to disease. Another related disorder is pemphigus vulgaris an autoimmune disease where antibodies target DSG2 among other desmogleins disrupting cell adhesion in the skin and mucous membranes. In ARVC DSG2 frequently connects with other proteins like plakoglobin that are involved in desmosomal interactions leading to the structural and functional deficits seen in the disease.