Anti-DFFB/CAD antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

DFFB also known as DNA fragmentation factor subunit beta or CAD is a protein with a molecular mass of approximately 40 kDa. It plays an important role in the apoptotic process by acting as a nuclease responsible for cleaving DNA into oligonucleosomal fragments. DFFB is found in various tissues expressing mainly in cells undergoing apoptosis. The interaction with its inhibitor DFFA prevents its activation until the apoptotic signal triggers the pathway for its release and activation resulting in DNA fragmentation.

Biological function summary

DFFB is critical in the execution phase of apoptosis which is the programmed cell death essential to maintaining cellular homeostasis and development. It forms a complex with DFFA its chaperone and inhibitor which regulates its nuclease activity. Apoptosis requires controlled DNA degradation activity which DFFB provides ensuring that cells dismantle DNA in a process safe for the organism. The role of DFFB in apoptosis highlights its importance in normal cell turnover and immune system regulation.

Pathways

DFFB is an essential component of the apoptotic signaling pathway. It aligns with the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway which involves cytochrome c release and subsequent apoptosome formation. Proteins such as caspase-3 activate DFFB by cleaving DFFA facilitating its nuclease function. The careful balance of these pathways and proteins ensures orderly cell death preventing unwanted inflammatory responses or pathological conditions.

Associated diseases and disorders

DFFB has connections to cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Dysregulation of its apoptotic function can lead to unchecked cell proliferation contributing to tumorigenesis. Furthermore abnormal DFFB activity is linked to conditions such as Alzheimer's disease where excessive or inappropriate apoptosis occurs. The interplay between DFFB and proteins such as caspase-3 often becomes critical in these disorders highlighting the complex role of apoptosis in both development and pathology.