Anti-DMGDH antibody [EPR16907]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

DMGDH also known as dimethylglycine dehydrogenase is a mitochondrial enzyme with a mass of approximately 103 kDa. This protein is expressed predominantly in liver and kidney tissues. DMGDH plays an important role in the degradation of choline where it catalyzes the oxidative demethylation of dimethylglycine into sarcosine while producing formaldehyde and hydrogen peroxide. This process is an important step in the choline oxidation pathway which helps maintain the methylation balance in the cell.

Biological function summary

DMGDH contributes to the one-carbon metabolism pathway which involves the transfer of one-carbon units essential for various biosynthetic reactions. It does not form part of a larger enzymatic complex but operates as an independent enzyme within the mitochondrial matrix. Its activity is important for methyl cycle function influencing processes like nucleotide synthesis and amino acid metabolism. The enzyme helps connect choline metabolism to broader metabolic networks impacting cellular methyl group availability.

Pathways

DMGDH is integral to the choline metabolism pathway and the one-carbon metabolic pathway. Choline is oxidized to produce substrates for the methionine cycle affecting homocysteine levels and S-adenosylmethionine production. DMGDH's function is closely linked to other enzymes like dimethylglycine N-methyltransferase (DNMT) which also engages in methyl group transfer. Together these enzymes collaborate to maintain cellular methylation and detoxification pathways.

Associated diseases and disorders

DMGDH dysfunction has been associated with metabolic conditions such as homocystinuria and cardiovascular disease. Impaired DMGDH activity can lead to increased levels of dimethylglycine which in turn may disrupt methylation balance and contribute to metabolic abnormalities. While DMGDH does not directly interact with any known disease-specific proteins its role in maintaining proper methylation highlights its importance in disease pathology. By influencing levels of substrates like homocysteine DMGDH indirectly connects to disorders linked to methylation dysregulation.