Anti-EAAT2 antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

EAAT2 also known as excitatory amino acid transporter 2 or GLT-1 is a protein responsible for reuptake of glutamate from the synaptic cleft into glial cells preventing excitotoxicity. The protein has a mass of approximately 73 kDa and prominently expresses in the central nervous system particularly in astrocytes. By regulating extracellular glutamate levels EAAT2 helps maintain neurotransmitter balance critical for healthy neuron function.

Biological function summary

EAAT2 plays an important role in maintaining synaptic transmission and preventing overexcitation that can lead to neuronal damage. It is part of a transporter complex responsible for the movement of glutamate across the cell membrane working together with ions like sodium and potassium. Due to its significant role in the regulation of neurotransmitter levels in the brain EAAT2 is considered an important player in neural communication processes.

Pathways

EAAT2 is integral to the glutamatergic signaling pathway where its activity supports glutamate recycling and homeostasis. This pathway is important for normal cognitive functions such as learning and memory. EAAT2 works closely with other proteins such as EAAT1 in efforts to regulate glutamate concentrations in the extracellular space impacting synaptic strength and plasticity in the nervous system.

Associated diseases and disorders

Malfunctions of EAAT2 are associated with conditions like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Alzheimer's disease. In ALS EAAT2 dysfunction leads to accumulation of neurotoxic levels of glutamate causing motor neuron death. Similarly in Alzheimer’s disease impaired regulation of EAAT2 contributes to neurodegeneration through a related increase in neuronal excitotoxicity. Both conditions emphasize the critical importance of EAAT2 in neuroprotection and maintenance of normal brain function.