Anti-Estrogen Receptor alpha antibody [E115] - ChIP Grade is a rabbit recombinant monoclonal antibody that is used to detect Estrogen Receptor alpha in ChIC/CUT&RUN-seq, ChIP, Flow cytometry (Intra), ICC/IF, IHC-P, Western blot. Suitable for Human, Mouse, Rat samples.
- Using biophysical QC, antibody identity is confirmed at a molecular level for unrivaled batch-batch consistency
- Cited in over 160 publications
- Trusted since 2006
pH: 7.2 - 7.4
Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide
Constituents: 59% PBS, 40% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.05% BSA
IHC-P | ChIP | WB | ICC/IF | Flow Cyt (Intra) | ChIC/CUT&RUN-seq | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Human | Tested | Tested | Tested | Tested | Tested | Tested |
Mouse | Tested | Expected | Tested | Tested | Expected | Expected |
Rat | Expected | Expected | Tested | Tested | Expected | Expected |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Mouse | Dilution info 1/10000 | Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
Species Human | Dilution info 1/200 - 1/5000 | Notes The antibody failed to show good IHC signal on mouse and rat tissue sections when applied using our IHC testing conditions. Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Rat | Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration. | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 4 µg for 25 µg chromatin | Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Rat | Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration. | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Mouse | Dilution info 1/1000 - 1/5000 | Notes - |
Species Rat | Dilution info 1/1000 | Notes - |
Species Human | Dilution info 1/1000 | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Rat | Dilution info 1/200 | Notes - |
Species Mouse | Dilution info 1/200 | Notes - |
Species Human | Dilution info 1/200 | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1/1000 | Notes Rabbit IgG, monoclonal [EPR25A] - Isotype Control ab172730 - Rabbit monoclonal IgG, is suitable for use as an isotype control with this antibody. We recommend to use a 30 min blocking step(1XPBS/10%goat serum/0,3M Glycin). |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Rat | Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration. | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 5 µg | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Rat | Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration. | Notes - |
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The protein expressed by the gene ESR1 functions as a nuclear hormone receptor involved in regulating eukaryotic gene expression, affecting cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. It mediates ligand-dependent nuclear transactivation either through direct homodimer binding to estrogen response elements (ERE) or by associating with other transcription factors like AP-1/c-Jun, c-Fos, ATF-2, Sp1, and Sp3, allowing ERE-independent signaling. Ligand binding triggers a conformational change, facilitating the interaction with coactivator complexes through LXXLL motifs. This interaction leads to mutual transrepression with NF-kappa-B in a cell-type-specific manner, reducing NF-kappa-B DNA-binding activity and transcription from the IL6 promoter while displacing coregulators like RELA/p65. It can antagonistically or synergistically interact with NF-kappa-B for transcription activation, involving recruitment to adjacent response elements, working with CREBBP. Additionally, it activates the transcription of TFF1 and mediates membrane-initiated signaling through kinase cascades. It's crucial for MTA1-mediated transcriptional regulation of BRCA1 and BCAS3. Isoform 3 specifically activates NOS3 and endothelial nitric oxide production, while isoforms lacking certain functional domains modulate transcriptional activity by competitive ligand or DNA binding and heterodimerization with the full-length receptor, capable of binding to ERE and inhibiting isoform 1. This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
ESR, NR3A1, ESR1, Estrogen receptor, ER, ER-alpha, Estradiol receptor, Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group A member 1
Anti-Estrogen Receptor alpha antibody [E115] - ChIP Grade is a rabbit recombinant monoclonal antibody that is used to detect Estrogen Receptor alpha in ChIC/CUT&RUN-seq, ChIP, Flow cytometry (Intra), ICC/IF, IHC-P, Western blot. Suitable for Human, Mouse, Rat samples.
- Using biophysical QC, antibody identity is confirmed at a molecular level for unrivaled batch-batch consistency
- Cited in over 160 publications
- Trusted since 2006
pH: 7.2 - 7.4
Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide
Constituents: 59% PBS, 40% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.05% BSA
Expression levels of ER alpha protein vary with sample type. This antibody is unsuitable to test ovary and the tissues with low expression level of Estrogen Receptor alpha, such as kidney, lung and brain, in western blot. And it failed to show good IHC signal on mouse and rat tissue sections when using our IHC testing conditions. For our in-house testing we tested the antibody on a mouse tissue array (breast, spleen, lung, stomach, muscle, pancreas, liver, colon, brain, kidney).
Patented technology
Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.
What are the advantages of a recombinant monoclonal antibody?
This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:
For more information, read more on recombinant antibodies.
Estrogen Receptor alpha also known as ERα or ESR1 is a nuclear receptor that acts as a transcription factor when activated by its ligand estrogen. Its molecular weight is approximately 66 kDa. ERα is expressed in various tissues such as breast tissue endometrium and ovarian cells as well as some areas of the central nervous system. The ERα protein binds to specific DNA sequences called estrogen response elements to regulate the transcription of target genes. Tools like ER alpha ELISA and assays using alpha peptides help to study this receptor.
ERα plays a significant role in the regulation of estrogen signaling. Estrogens binding to ERα activate the receptor which can form a homodimer or heterodimer complex with other proteins like coactivators or corepressors. This complex then modulates the transcription of genes involved in cell growth proliferation and differentiation. ERα is closely linked with processes like reproductive tissue development and maintenance.
ERα is involved in the estrogen signaling pathway and the cell cycle regulation pathway. In the estrogen signaling pathway ERα works together with proteins such as coactivators which enhance gene transcription and corepressors which can inhibit transcription. In the context of cell cycle regulation ERα's interactions with other cell cycle proteins help control cell division and proliferation linking ERα activity to the progression through different stages of the cell cycle.
ERα's dysregulation has been implicated in breast cancer and osteoporosis. ERα overexpression or mutations can lead to oncogenic effects in breast cancer making it a prominent therapeutic target. Drugs that modulate ERα activity like selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are used in breast cancer treatment. In osteoporosis ERα is related to bone density regulation with its activity affecting bone resorption and formation. Relationships between ERα and other proteins such as those involved in hormone signaling pathways impact these disease mechanisms.
We have tested this species and application combination and it works. It is covered by our product promise.
We have not tested this specific species and application combination in-house, but expect it will work. It is covered by our product promise.
This species and application combination has not been tested, but we predict it will work based on strong homology. However, this combination is not covered by our product promise.
We do not recommend this combination. It is not covered by our product promise.
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In the unlikely event of one of our products not working as expected, you are covered by our product promise.
Full details and terms and conditions can be found here:
Terms & Conditions.
Immunohistochemical analysis of formalin fixed paraffin embedded human breast carcinoma labelling Estrogen Receptor alpha with ab32063 at a concentration of 0.5µg/ml. The immunostaining was performed on a Ventana DISCOVERY ULTRA (Roche Tissue Diagnostics) instrument with a OptiView DAB IHC Detection Kit. Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed with DISCOVERY cell conditioning solution (CC1) 100°C, pH8.5 for 32mins.
Anti-Estrogen Receptor alpha antibody [E115] ab32063 was incubated for 16mins at 37°C. Sections were counterstained with Hematoxylin II. Image inset shows absence of staining in secondary antibody only control.
Customers are encouraged to optimise antigen retrieval conditions, antibody concentration, incubation times and temperature for best results in their own IHC assay workflow (automated and manual).
ChIP analysis using unpurified ab32063 binding Estrogen Receptor alpha in MCF7 cells derived from Human breast carcinoma. Cells were cross-linked for 10 minutes with 1% formaldehyde. Samples were incubated with undiluted primary antibody for 16 hours at 4°C. Protein binding was detected using real-time PCR.
Positive control: Estrogen treated MCF7 cells tested at PS2 promoter.
Negative Control:IgG ChIP and ethanol-depleted cells tested at PS2 promoter.
Chromatin was prepared from MCF-7+β-estraiol 30 min, and MCF-7 cells according to the Abcam X-ChIP protocol. Cells were fixed with formaldehyde for 10 min. The ChIP was performed with 25 μg of chromatin, 4 μg of purified ab32063 (blue), and 20 μLl of anti-rabbit IgG sepharose beads. Rabbit normal IgG was added to the beads control (yellow). The immunoprecipitated DNA was quantified by real time PCR (SYBR approach). Primers are located in the 2nd intron of TFF1 gene.
MCF7 Cells were treated as below:
MCF-7 starved overnight, then treated with 10 nM β-Estradiol in 2% FBS media for 30 min.
Control MCF-7 was starved overnight, then in 2% FBS media for 30 mins.
Primer information:
Located to the 2 intron of TFF1 gene.
Sequence:
Forward: 5' -agtctcctccaacctgacctt-3'
Reverse: 5' -ttccggccatctctcactat-3'
Immunohistochemical staining of paraffin embedded human endometrial carcinoma with purified ab32063 at a working dilution of 1 in 200. The secondary antibody used is Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051, a HRP goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L), at 1/500. The sample is counter-stained with hematoxylin. Antigen retrieval was perfomed using Tris-EDTA buffer, pH 9.0.
Estrogen Receptor alpha Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) staining using rabbit Anti-Estrogen Receptor alpha antibody
Overlay histogram showing MCF7 cells stained with unpurified ab32063 (red line). The cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (10 min) and then permeabilized with 0.1% PBS-Tween for 20 min. The cells were then incubated in 1x PBS / 10% normal goat serum / 0.3M glycine to block non-specific protein-protein interactions followed by the antibody (ab32063, 1/1000 dilution) for 30 min at 22°C. The secondary antibody used was Alexa Fluor® 488 goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) ab150077) at 1/2000 dilution for 30 min at 22°C. Isotype control antibody (black line) was rabbit IgG (monoclonal) (1μg/1x106 cells) used under the same conditions. Unlabelled sample (blue line) was also used as a control. Acquisition of >5,000 events were collected using a 20mW Argon ion laser (488nm) and 525/30 bandpass filter. This antibody gave a positive signal in MCF7 cells fixed with 80% methanol (5 min)/permeabilized with 0.1% PBS-Tween for 20 min used under the same conditions.
Immunohistochemical staining of paraffin embedded human endometrium tissue with ab32063 at a dilution of 1/5000. The secondary antibody used was Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP Polymer). The sample is counter-stained with hematoxylin. Antigen retrieval was heat mediated using Antigen Retrieval Buffer (100X Tris-EDTA Buffer, pH 9.0) ab93684 (Tris/EDTA buffer, pH 9.0).
Nuclear staining on human endometrium.
Estrogen Receptor alpha Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence staining using rabbit Anti-Estrogen Receptor alpha antibody
Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence analysis of MCF-7 cells labelling Estrogen Receptor alpha with purified ab32063 at 1/1000. Cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) ab150077, an Alexa Fluor® 488-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (1/1000) was used as the secondary antibody. The cells were co-stained with Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Loading Control ab7291, a mouse anti-tubulin (1/1000) using Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 594) preadsorbed ab150120, an Alexa Fluor® 594-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (1/1000) as the secondary antibody. Nuclei counterstained with DAPI (blue).
Control 1: primary antibody (1/1000) and secondary antibody, Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 594) preadsorbed ab150120, an Alexa Fluor® 594-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (1/1000).
Control 2: Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Loading Control ab7291 (1/1000) and secondary antibody, Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) ab150077, an Alexa Fluor® 488-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (1/1000).
Immunohistochemical staining of paraffin embedded human breast carcinoma tissue with ab32063 at a dilution of 1/5000. The secondary antibody used was Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP Polymer). The sample is counter-stained with hematoxylin. Antigen retrieval was heat mediated using Antigen Retrieval Buffer (100X Tris-EDTA Buffer, pH 9.0) ab93684 (Tris/EDTA buffer, pH 9.0).
Nuclear staining on human breast carcinoma.
Immunohistochemical staining of paraffin embedded human breast tissue with ab32063 at a dilution of 1/5000. The secondary antibody used was Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP Polymer). The sample is counter-stained with hematoxylin. Antigen retrieval was heat mediated using Antigen Retrieval Buffer (100X Tris-EDTA Buffer, pH 9.0) ab93684 (Tris/EDTA buffer, pH 9.0).
Nuclear staining on human breast.
Blocking and diluting buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST.
The expression level of ER66 is high in uterus, moderate in ovary and low in kidney, lung, brain, liver, heart (PMID: 20861365, 24977106, 23675257, 23940668, 22070562), especially low in the tissues from male or young female animals (PMID: 26384003, 23940668). ab32063 is unsuitable to test ovary and the tissues with low expression level of Estrogen Receptor alpha in western blot.
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-Estrogen Receptor alpha antibody [E115] - ChIP Grade (ab32063) at 1/200 dilution
Lane 1: Human uterus tissue lysates at 20 µg
Lane 2: Human kidney tissue lysates at 20 µg
Lane 3: Human brain tissue lysates at 20 µg
Lane 4: Mouse uterus tissue lysates at 20 µg
Lane 5: Mouse ovary tissue lysates at 20 µg
Lane 6: Mouse kidney tissue lysates at 20 µg
Lane 7: Mouse brain tissue lysates at 20 µg
Lane 8: Rat uterus tissue lysates at 20 µg
Lane 9: Rat ovary tissue lysates at 20 µg
All lanes: Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (HRP) with minimal cross-reactivity with human IgG at 1/2000 dilution
Predicted band size: 66 kDa
Observed band size: 67 kDa
Exposure time: 180s
Blocking and diluting buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST.
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-Estrogen Receptor alpha antibody [E115] - ChIP Grade (ab32063) at 1/1000 dilution
Lane 1: MCF7 (Human breast adenocarcinoma epithelial cell). Whole cell lysates at 20 µg
Lane 2: T-47D (human mammary gland ductal carcinoma epithelial cell). Whole cell lysates at 20 µg
Lane 3: MDA-MB231 (Human breast adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) Whole cell lysates (Negative control) at 20 µg
Lane 4: HepG2 (Human hepatocellular carcinoma epithelial cell) Whole cell lysates (Negative control) at 20 µg
Lane 5: Human uterus whole tissue lysate at 20 µg
Lane 6: Human ovary whole tissue lysate at 20 µg
Lane 7: Human ovary cancer whole tissue lysate at 20 µg
All lanes: Western blot - Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051) at 1/20000 dilution
Predicted band size: 36 kDa, 66 kDa
Observed band size: 68 kDa
Exposure time: 50s
Immunofluorescent staining of MCF7 cells (fixed with 4% PFA and permeablized with TritonX 100) with purified ab32063 at a dilution of 1/250. An Alexa Fluor® 555 goat anti-rabbit antibody was used as the secondary at a dilution of 1/200. The panel on the right shows the DAPI counter-staining.
Blocking and diluting buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-Estrogen Receptor alpha antibody [E115] - ChIP Grade (ab32063) at 1/1000 dilution
Lane 1: Rat pituitary whole tissue lysate at 20 µg
Lane 2: Mouse pituitary whole tissue lysate at 20 µg
All lanes: Western blot - Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051) at 1/20000 dilution
Predicted band size: 36 kDa, 66 kDa
Observed band size: 68 kDa
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-Estrogen Receptor alpha antibody [E115] - ChIP Grade (ab32063) at 1/500 dilution
All lanes: MCF-7 cell lysate
Predicted band size: 66 kDa
Observed band size: 60 kDa
Immunohistochemical analysis of human breast carcinoma using anti-Estrogen Receptor alpha (ab32063, unpurified) diluted 1:50
Estrogen Receptor alpha Western blot staining using rabbit Anti-Estrogen Receptor alpha antibody
In Western blot, Anti-GAPDH antibody [EPR16891] - Loading Control (Anti-GAPDH antibody [EPR16891] - Loading Control ab181602) staining at 1/200000 dilution.
The tissue samples were kindly provided by GemPharmatech. C57BL/6JGpt wildtype mice and Esr1-KO homozygous mice (Strain ID: T052653).
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-Estrogen Receptor alpha antibody [E115] - ChIP Grade (ab32063) at 1/5000 dilution
Lane 1: Wild-type mouse uterus tissue lysate (female case1) at 20 µg
Lane 2: Wild-type mouse uterus tissue lysate (female case2) at 20 µg
Lane 3: Esr1 knockout mouse uterus tissue lysate (female case1) at 20 µg
Lane 4: Esr1 knockout mouse uterus tissue lysate (female case2) at 20 µg
All lanes: Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (HRP) with minimal cross-reactivity with human IgG at 1/2000 dilution
Observed band size: 67 kDa
Exposure time: 180s
ChIC/CUT&RUN was performed using a pAG-MNase at a final concentration of 700 ng/mL, 2.5 x 10^5 MCF7 (Human breast adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) cells treated with phenol red free medium and 5% charcoal stripped FBS for 3 days then treated with β-estradiol (10 nM 45 min) and 5 µg of ab32063 [E115]. The resulting DNA was sequenced on the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 to a depth of 10 million reads. The negative IgG control Rabbit IgG, monoclonal [EPR25A] - Isotype Control ab172730 is also shown.
The University of Geneva owns patents relevant to ChIC (Chromatin Immuno-Cleavage) methods.
ChIC/CUT&RUN was performed using a pAG-MNase at a final concentration of 700 ng/mL, 2.5 x 10^5 MCF7 (Human breast adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) cells treated with phenol red free medium and 5% charcoal stripped FBS for 3 days then treated with β-estradiol (10 nM 45 min) and 5 µg of ab32063 [E115]. The resulting DNA was sequenced on the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 to a depth of 10 million reads. The negative IgG control Rabbit IgG, monoclonal [EPR25A] - Isotype Control ab172730 is also shown.
The University of Geneva owns patents relevant to ChIC (Chromatin Immuno-Cleavage) methods.
Immunofluorescent analysis of 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed, 0.1% Triton X-100 permeabilized GH3 (rat pituitary epithelial cell line) cells labelling Estrogen Receptor alpha with primary antibody anti-Estrogen Receptor alpha (ab32063) at 1/200 dilution, followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) preadsorbed ab150081) secondary antibody at 1/1000 dilution (2.0 μg/mL). Confocal image showing cytoplasmic and nuclear staining in GH3 cells. Anti-alpha Tubulin mouse monoclonal antibody - Microtubule Marker (Alexa Fluor® 594) (Alexa Fluor® 594 Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Microtubule Marker ab195889) was used to counterstain tubulin at 1/200 dilution (2.5 μg/mL). The nuclear counter stain is DAPI (blue).
The secondary antibody only control is : Secondary antibody is Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) preadsorbed ab150081 Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) at 1/1000 dilution (2.0 μg/mL).
ChIC/CUT&RUN was performed using a pAG-MNase at a final concentration of 700 ng/mL, 2.5 x 10^5 MCF7 (Human breast adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) cells treated with phenol red free medium and 5% charcoal stripped FBS for 3 days then treated with β-estradiol (10 nM 45 min) and 5 µg of ab32063 [E115]. The resulting DNA was sequenced on the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 to a depth of 10 million reads. The negative IgG control Rabbit IgG, monoclonal [EPR25A] - Isotype Control ab172730 is also shown.
The University of Geneva owns patents relevant to ChIC (Chromatin Immuno-Cleavage) methods.
Immunofluorescent analysis of 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed, 0.1% Triton X-100 permeabilized 4T1 (mouse mammary gland carcinoma epithelial cell line) cells labelling Estrogen Receptor alpha with primary antibody anti-Estrogen Receptor alpha (ab32063) at 1/200 dilution, followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) preadsorbed ab150081) secondary antibody at 1/1000 dilution (2.0 μg/mL). Confocal image showing cytoplasmic and nuclear staining in 4T1 cells. Anti-alpha Tubulin mouse monoclonal antibody - Microtubule Marker (Alexa Fluor® 594) (Alexa Fluor® 594 Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Microtubule Marker ab195889) was used to counterstain tubulin at 1/200 dilution (2.5 μg/mL). The nuclear counter stain is DAPI (blue).
The secondary antibody only control is : Secondary antibody is Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) preadsorbed ab150081 Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) at 1/1000 dilution (2.0 μg/mL).
Estrogen Receptor alpha Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) staining using rabbit Anti-Estrogen Receptor alpha antibody
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded tissue labeling Estrogen Receptor alpha with ab32063 at 1/10000 dilution, followed by a ready to use LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection).
Positive staining on (A) Uterus tissue from wild-type C57BL/6JGpt mice and no staining on (B) Uterus tissue from Esr1 knockout mice.
The section was incubated with ab32063 for 30 mins at room temperature.
The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument.
The tissue samples were kindly provided by GemPharmatech. C57BL/6JGpt wildtype mice and Esr1-KO homozygous mice (Strain ID: T052653).
Counterstained with Hematoxylin.
Secondary antibody only control: Secondary antibody is a ready to use LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection).
Heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, epitope retrieval solution2) for 20 mins.
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