Anti-Factor V antibody [EPR5191]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Factor V also known as proaccelerin is a coagulation factor playing a main role in blood clotting. This protein with a molecular mass of approximately 330 kDa is synthesized in the liver and found in plasma. The Factor V protein is essential for the coagulation cascade functioning as a pivotal mediator in the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. It exists in plasma in an inactive form until activated by thrombin or factor Xa to fulfill its mechanical function in hemostasis.

Biological function summary

The mechanism of Factor V involves its function as a cofactor to Factor Xa in the prothrombinase complex. This complex formation enhances the efficiency of thrombin generation considerably accelerating clot formation. Factor V once converted to its active form aids in forming a stable clot by bridging and immobilizing cellular elements and fibrin strands. Expression occurs mainly in the liver but it also manifests in platelets where it enhances thrombin production during platelet activation and aggregation.

Pathways

The contribution of Factor V to coagulation is central within the hemostasis pathway specifically the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of the coagulation cascade. Factor V binds with Factor X to form the prothrombinase complex which is important for the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. Other proteins such as Factor VIII interact within this pathway to ensure blood clots form properly. Any disturbances in Factor V activity can significantly alter the normal flow of these pathways affecting thrombin generation and subsequent clotting.

Associated diseases and disorders

Factor V mutations or deficiencies associate with conditions like Factor V Leiden and Factor V deficiency. Factor V Leiden is a genetic mutation that elevates the risk of thrombophilia leading to increased clot formation in veins. On the other hand a deficiency in Factor V can lead to Parahemophilia characterized by a tendency for excessive bleeding. In both conditions the abnormal activity of Factor V affects the interaction with proteins in the coagulation cascade especially impacting the prothrombinase complex and Factor X.