FITC Anti-TCR V alpha 2 antibody [F1]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

The T-cell receptor (TCR) V alpha 2 is a variable segment of the TCR alpha chain. It plays an important role in recognizing antigens presented by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on antigen-presenting cells (APCs). TCR V alpha 2 along with the beta chain forms the full functional TCR complex critical for T-cell activation. The molecular weight of a typical TCR alpha chain is around 50-60 kDa. TCR V alpha 2 can be found on the surface of T-cells specifically expressed within various subsets of T-lymphocytes in immune system.

Biological function summary

TCR V alpha 2 is responsible for the recognition of antigenic peptides. This function is achieved through its presence as part of the TCR-CD3 complex on the T-cell surface. Upon successful engagement of the TCR with peptide-MHC complexes T-cells may become activated leading to adaptive immune responses. TCR V alpha 2 does not act alone; it interacts closely with CD3 proteins which helps transmit signals inside the T-cell. This arrangement is essential for the immunological synapse formation.

Pathways

TCR V alpha 2 participates in the T-cell receptor signaling pathway. Activation of this pathway results in T-cell proliferation differentiation and cytokine production. TCR signaling involves several key molecules including ZAP70 and LAT which facilitate downstream signaling events. Additionally TCR V alpha 2 is involved in the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway which affects various cellular responses including survival and apoptosis.

Associated diseases and disorders

TCR V alpha 2 shows links to autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes. These conditions often involve abnormal T-cell activation and function. Studies suggest that certain TCR V alpha segments including V alpha 2 preferentially recognize autoantigens leading to pathogenic T-cell responses. During these autoimmune processes proteins like insulin (in type 1 diabetes) may play a role by interacting with TCRs inappropriately which in turn triggers the immune system to attack the body’s own tissues.