Rabbit Monoclonal Geminin antibody. Suitable for WB, ICC/IF, IHC-P and reacts with Human samples. Cited in 10 publications.
pH: 7.2 - 7.4
Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide
Constituents: 59% PBS, 40% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.05% BSA
WB | ICC/IF | IHC-P | |
---|---|---|---|
Human | Tested | Tested | Tested |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1/500 | Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1/100 | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1/500 | Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
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Inhibits DNA replication by preventing the incorporation of MCM complex into pre-replication complex (pre-RC) (PubMed:14993212, PubMed:20129055, PubMed:24064211, PubMed:9635433). It is degraded during the mitotic phase of the cell cycle (PubMed:14993212, PubMed:24064211, PubMed:9635433). Its destruction at the metaphase-anaphase transition permits replication in the succeeding cell cycle (PubMed:14993212, PubMed:24064211, PubMed:9635433). Inhibits histone acetyltransferase activity of KAT7/HBO1 in a CDT1-dependent manner, inhibiting histone H4 acetylation and DNA replication licensing (PubMed:20129055). Inhibits the transcriptional activity of a subset of Hox proteins, enrolling them in cell proliferative control (PubMed:22615398).
Geminin, GMNN
Rabbit Monoclonal Geminin antibody. Suitable for WB, ICC/IF, IHC-P and reacts with Human samples. Cited in 10 publications.
pH: 7.2 - 7.4
Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide
Constituents: 59% PBS, 40% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.05% BSA
Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.
This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:
For more information, read more on recombinant antibodies.
Geminin also referred to as GMNN is a protein that regulates DNA replication. It has approximately 25 kDa mass. Geminin inhibits DNA replication by preventing the loading of the mini-chromosome maintenance complex onto DNA during the cell cycle. This function ensures that DNA replication takes place only once per cell cycle. Geminin expresses mainly in tissues with high proliferative activity such as the developing nervous system and hematopoietic cells. Its interaction with other proteins plays a significant role in controlling cell cycle progression.
In a cellular context Geminin forms part of a complex with the nuclear protein Cdt1. This complex is essential in the regulation of the cell cycle's S phase. Geminin's function restricts DNA replication by binding to Cdt1 and stopping its activity which is necessary during the G1/S phase transition. By doing so it preserves the integrity of genetic information and prevents re-replication. Geminin's inhibition remains strict until it is degraded during mitosis allowing Cdt1 to resume its function in the following cell cycle.
The regulation of Geminin is important to maintaining proper DNA replication and cell cycle integrity. Geminin plays a role in the cell cycle control pathway particularly during the G1 to S phase transition. Additionally it interfaces with other proteins like Paxillin which is involved in cell adhesion and movement. Although not directly linked in a pathway Paxillin's role in regulating cellular dynamics can influence cell cycle processes in which Geminin is involved. Geminin also serves as a K blocker relevant in maintaining genetic stability.
Aberrations in Geminin activity can lead to severe conditions such as cancer. Its overexpression or misregulation has a link to various tumor types due to its effect on uncontrolled cell proliferation. Geminin's interaction with proteins like Paxillin and Cyclin-dependent kinases also relates to cancer progression as these interactions may involve changes in cellular adhesion and cycle checkpoints. Therefore understanding Geminin's role offers valuable insight for potential therapeutic targets in oncology.
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Terms & Conditions.
ab195047 Anti-Geminin antibody [EPR14637] was shown to specifically react with Geminin DNA Replication Inhibitor in HeLa wild-type cells ( ab255448). Loss of signal was observed when knockout cell line Human GMNN (Geminin) knockout HeLa cell line ab264972 (knockout cell lysate Human GMNN (Geminin) knockout HeLa cell lysate ab257450) was used. Wild-type and Geminin DNA Replication Inhibitor knockout samples were subjected to SDS-PAGE. ab195047 and Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Loading Control (Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Loading Control ab7291) were incubated overnight at 4°C at 1 in 500 dilution and 1 in 20000 dilution respectively. Blots were developed with Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preadsorbed (Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preadsorbed ab216773) and Goat anti-Mouse IgG H&L (IRDye® 680RD) preadsorbed (Goat anti-Mouse IgG H&L (IRDye® 680RD) preadsorbed ab216776) secondary antibodies at 1 in 20000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature before imaging.
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-Geminin antibody [EPR14637] (ab195047) at 1/500 dilution
Lane 1: Wild-type HeLa lysate at 20 µg
Lane 2: Geminin DNA Replication Inhibitor knockout HeLa lysate at 20 µg
Lane 2: Western blot - Human GMNN (Geminin) knockout HeLa cell line (Human GMNN (Geminin) knockout HeLa cell line ab264972)
Lane 3: HepG2 lysate at 20 µg
Lane 4: U-87 MG lysate at 20 µg
Performed under reducing conditions.
Predicted band size: 24 kDa
Observed band size: 32 kDa
Immunofluorescent analysis of 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed, 0.1% Triton X-100 permeabilized MCF-7 (Human breast adenocarcinoma cell line) cells labeling Geminin with ab195047 at 1/100 followed by Goat anti-rabbit IgG (Alexa Fluor® 488) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) ab150077) secondary antibody at 1/500(green). Confocal image showing nuclear staining on MCF-7 cell line. The nuclear counterstain is DAPI (blue). Tubulin is detected with Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Loading Control ab7291 (anti-Tubulin mouse mAb) at 1/1000 and Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 594) preadsorbed ab150120 (AlexaFluor®594 Goat anti-Mouse secondary) at 1/500 (red).
The negative controls are as follows:-
-ve control 1 - ab195047 at 1/100 followed by Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 594) preadsorbed ab150120 (AlexaFluor®594 Goat anti-Mouse secondary) at 1/500.
-ve control 2. - Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Loading Control ab7291 (anti-Tubulin mouse mAb) at 1/1000 followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) ab150077 (Alexa Fluor®488 Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L) at 1/500.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Human tonsil tissue labeling Geminin with ab195047 at 1/500 followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051) at 1/500. Nucleus staining on Human tonsil tissue is observed. Counter stained with Hematoxylin.
Negative control: Used PBS instead of primary antibody and Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051 at 1/500 as secondary antibody.
Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Human triple-negative breast cancer tissue labeling Geminin with ab195047 at 1/500 followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051) at 1/500. Nucleus staining on Human triple-negative breast cancer tissue is observed. Counter stained with Hematoxylin.
Negative control: Used PBS instead of primary antibody and Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051 at 1/500 as secondary antibody.
Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.
ab195047 staining Geminin in the HeLa cell line from Human cervix by ICC/IF (Immunocytochemistry/immunofluorescence). Cells were fixed with paraformaldehyde, permeabilized with 0.5% Triton X-100 Samples were incubated with primary antibody (1/50 in PBS ) for 1 hour at 22°C. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) preadsorbed ab150081 (1/200) was used as the secondary antibody.
Blocking and diluting buffer and concentration: 5% NFDM/TBST.
Geminin is regulated during apoptosis by site-specific cleavage, resulting in the generation of two lower molecular weight cleavage products (21,462 ±2.7 Da and 25,082 ±2 Da). (PMID: 17261582)
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-Geminin antibody [EPR14637] (ab195047) at 1/1000 dilution
Lane 1: Untreated HeLa (Human epithelial cells from cervix adenocarcinoma) whole cell lysate at 15 µg
Lane 2: HeLa treated with 2mM thymidine for 16 hours whole cell lysate at 15 µg
All lanes: Western blot - Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051) at 1/20000 dilution
Predicted band size: 24 kDa
Exposure time: 20s
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