Anti-Glucagon Receptor antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

The glucagon receptor also known as GCGR is a protein located on cell membranes and is about 62 kDa in mass. This receptor belongs to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family which plays a role in transmitting signals from glucagon—a hormone involved in glucose metabolism. GCGR is expressed mainly in liver kidney and pancreatic cells as well as some regions of the brain. Scientists often use recombinant glucagon proteins to study receptor behaviors and interactions due to their specific binding properties.

Biological function summary

Glucagon receptor activation primarily mediates glucose homeostasis by stimulating hepatic glucose production. It facilitates glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis processes that increase blood glucose levels especially when glucose availability is low. The receptor does not operate in a complex but interacts closely with secondary messengers like cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) to trigger downstream signaling cascades. This action allows cells to respond quickly to changing hormonal signals in the bloodstream.

Pathways

Glucagon receptor is an important component of the glucagon signaling pathway and plays a part in the insulin resistance pathway. Upon activation by glucagon the receptor stimulates adenylate cyclase increasing cAMP production which activates protein kinase A (PKA). This process is closely linked with the insulin receptor pathway where both influence glucose and lipid metabolism balancing the metabolic responses within the liver and other tissues.

Associated diseases and disorders

Glucagon receptor involvement is significant in diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Dysfunctional GCGR activity can contribute to hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes by failing to regulate glucose production properly. Additionally it links to lipid metabolism disorders affecting triglyceride levels. Researchers focus on the receptor's relationship with insulin and other hormones to develop therapeutic strategies targeting glucagon and its receptor to manage these conditions effectively. Anti-glucagon drugs are under investigation to better control glucose levels in diabetic patients.