Anti-Glutamate receptor 3/GluA3 antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Glutamate receptor 3 also known as GluA3 or GRIA3 is an ionotropic receptor that mediates fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. It is part of the AMPA receptor family and has a molecular mass of approximately 100 kDa. This receptor predominantly localizes in the brain where it plays a significant role in the mediation of glutamate neurotransmission influencing synaptic plasticity and communication among neurons. Its expression is vital for transmitting signals across excitatory synapses affecting learning and memory processes.

Biological function summary

GluA3 operates as a subunit of AMPA receptors forming tetrameric complexes that facilitate synaptic signal transmission. These channels permit the influx of sodium and to a lesser extent calcium ions when activated by the neurotransmitter glutamate. The interaction of GluA3 with auxiliary proteins like transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory proteins (TARPs) can modulate its function and trafficking. As an essential component of synaptic transmission GluA3 influences synaptic strength and is involved in various neuronal activities.

Pathways

GluA3 plays an important role in synaptic plasticity and long-term potentiation (LTP). Two important pathways associated with GluA3 are the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) pathway. The regulation of these pathways through GluA3 modulation affects synaptic efficacy and memory formation. GluA3 interacts with proteins like PSD-95 which influences receptor assembly and synapse structure integrating into broader signaling networks that govern cellular responses and adaptations.

Associated diseases and disorders

GluA3 has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders. Alterations in GluA3 expression or function are associated with Alzheimer's disease where disrupted glutamatergic signaling contributes to cognitive decline. Additionally GluA3 plays a role in schizophrenia where AMPA receptor dysfunction affects neural circuitry and synaptic plasticity. In these contexts GluA3 often interacts with proteins like NMDA receptors where their combined dysfunction can lead to imbalances in excitatory-inhibitory signaling exacerbating disease symptoms.