Skip to main content

Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal Glutamine Synthetase antibody. Carrier free. Suitable for IHC-P, WB, IHC-Fr, mIHC and reacts with Mouse, Human, Rat samples.

Be the first to review this product! Submit a review

Images

Immunohistochemistry (Frozen sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (AB240193), expandable thumbnail
  • Western blot - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (AB240193), expandable thumbnail
  • Western blot - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (AB240193), expandable thumbnail
  • Western blot - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (AB240193), expandable thumbnail
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (AB240193), expandable thumbnail

Key facts

Isotype
IgG
Host species
Rabbit
Storage buffer

pH: 7.2 - 7.4
Constituents: PBS

Form
Liquid
Clonality
Monoclonal

Immunogen

  • The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.

Reactivity data

Select an application
Product promiseTestedExpectedPredictedNot recommended
IHC-PIPFlow CytWBICC/IFIHC-FrmIHC
Human
Tested
Not recommended
Not recommended
Tested
Not recommended
Expected
Tested
Mouse
Tested
Not recommended
Not recommended
Expected
Not recommended
Tested
Expected
Rat
Expected
Not recommended
Not recommended
Expected
Not recommended
Tested
Expected

Tested
Tested

Species
Mouse
Dilution info
-
Notes

The mouse and rat recommendation is based on the WB results. This antibody may not be suitable for IHC with mouse or rat samples.

Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with citrate buffer pH 6 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

Species
Human
Dilution info
-
Notes

The mouse and rat recommendation is based on the WB results. This antibody may not be suitable for IHC with mouse or rat samples.

Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with citrate buffer pH 6 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

Expected
Expected

Species
Rat
Dilution info
Use at an assay dependent concentration.
Notes

-

Not recommended
Not recommended

Species
Mouse, Rat, Human
Dilution info
-
Notes

-

Not recommended
Not recommended

Species
Mouse
Dilution info
-
Notes

ab199376 - Rabbit monoclonal IgG, is suitable for use as an isotype control with this antibody.

Species
Rat
Dilution info
-
Notes

ab199376 - Rabbit monoclonal IgG, is suitable for use as an isotype control with this antibody.

Species
Human
Dilution info
-
Notes

ab199376 - Rabbit monoclonal IgG, is suitable for use as an isotype control with this antibody.

Tested
Tested

Species
Human
Dilution info
-
Notes

-

Expected
Expected

Species
Mouse, Rat
Dilution info
Use at an assay dependent concentration.
Notes

-

Not recommended
Not recommended

Species
Mouse, Rat, Human
Dilution info
-
Notes

-

Tested
Tested

Species
Mouse, Rat
Dilution info
-
Notes

-

Expected
Expected

Species
Human
Dilution info
Use at an assay dependent concentration.
Notes

-

Tested
Tested

Species
Human
Dilution info
-
Notes

-

Expected
Expected

Species
Mouse, Rat
Dilution info
Use at an assay dependent concentration.
Notes

-

Associated Products

Select an associated product type

7 products for Alternative Product

6 products for Alternative Version

Target data

Function

Glutamine synthetase that catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of glutamate and ammonia to glutamine (PubMed:16267323, PubMed:30158707, PubMed:36289327). Its role depends on tissue localization: in the brain, it regulates the levels of toxic ammonia and converts neurotoxic glutamate to harmless glutamine, whereas in the liver, it is one of the enzymes responsible for the removal of ammonia (By similarity). Essential for proliferation of fetal skin fibroblasts (PubMed:18662667). Independently of its glutamine synthetase activity, required for endothelial cell migration during vascular development: acts by regulating membrane localization and activation of the GTPase RHOJ, possibly by promoting RHOJ palmitoylation (PubMed:30158707). May act as a palmitoyltransferase for RHOJ: able to autopalmitoylate and then transfer the palmitoyl group to RHOJ (PubMed:30158707). Plays a role in ribosomal 40S subunit biogenesis (PubMed:26711351). Through the interaction with BEST2, inhibits BEST2 channel activity by affecting the gating at the aperture in the absence of intracellular L-glutamate, but sensitizes BEST2 to intracellular L-glutamate, which promotes the opening of BEST2 and thus relieves its inhibitory effect on BEST2 (PubMed:36289327).

Alternative names

Recommended products

Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal Glutamine Synthetase antibody. Carrier free. Suitable for IHC-P, WB, IHC-Fr, mIHC and reacts with Mouse, Human, Rat samples.

Key facts

Isotype
IgG
Form
Liquid
Clonality
Monoclonal
Immunogen
  • The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.
Carrier free
Yes
Clone number
EPR13022(B)
Purification technique
Affinity purification Protein A
Concentration
Loading...

Storage

Shipped at conditions
Blue Ice
Appropriate short-term storage conditions
+4°C
Appropriate long-term storage conditions
+4°C
Storage information
Do Not Freeze

Notes

ab240193 is the carrier-free version of Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] ab176562.

Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.

This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:

  • - High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility
  • - Improved sensitivity and specificity
  • - Long-term security of supply
  • - Animal-free batch production

For more information, read more on recombinant antibodies.

Our carrier-free antibodies are typically supplied in a PBS-only formulation, purified and free of BSA, sodium azide and glycerol. The carrier-free buffer and high concentration allow for increased conjugation efficiency.

This conjugation-ready format is designed for use with fluorochromes, metal isotopes, oligonucleotides, and enzymes, which makes them ideal for antibody labelling, functional and cell-based assays, flow-based assays (e.g. mass cytometry) and Multiplex Imaging applications.

Use our conjugation kits for antibody conjugates that are ready-to-use in as little as 20 minutes with 1 minute hands-on-time and 100% antibody recovery: available for fluorescent dyes, HRP, biotin and gold.

This product is compatible with the Maxpar® Antibody Labeling Kit from Fluidigm, without the need for antibody preparation. Maxpar® is a trademark of Fluidigm Canada Inc.

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
Activity summary

Glutamine synthetase also known as glutamine s synthetase or glnA is an enzyme that catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of glutamate and ammonia into glutamine. This reaction plays an important role in nitrogen metabolism. Glutamine synthetase has a molecular weight of approximately 620 kDa and forms a multimeric structure commonly seen in bacteria plants and animal tissues with significant expression in the brain liver and kidneys.

Biological function summary

This enzyme supports the detoxification of ammonia by incorporating it into glutamine an essential amino acid and nitrogen donor. Glutamine synthetase operates independently rather than as part of a larger protein complex. It assists in maintaining cellular nitrogen balance and facilitates the synthesis of proteins and other nitrogen-containing molecules. Glutamine peptides serve vital roles in cellular processes underlining the significance of their synthesis.

Pathways

Glutamine synthetase integrates into the glutamate and glutamine cycle between neurons and glial cells highlighting its part in neurotransmitter metabolism. It also features prominently in the urea cycle influencing nitrogen disposal in organisms. Glutamine synthetase interacts with glutaminase which assists in transforming glutamine back to glutamate maintaining a balance of nitrogenous compounds within these pathways.

Associated diseases and disorders

Glutamine synthetase abnormalities link to hepatic encephalopathy and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Altered enzyme expression contributes to increased ammonia levels adversely affecting brain function. In Alzheimer's disease connections with tau and amyloid-beta proteins suggest a link between glutamine synthetase activity and neurotoxic events. Understanding these interactions may offer insights into therapeutic approaches for these conditions.

Product promise

We are dedicated to supporting your work with high quality reagents and we are here for you every step of the way should you need us.

In the unlikely event of one of our products not working as expected, you are covered by our product promise.

Full details and terms and conditions can be found here:
Terms & Conditions.

10 product images

  • Immunohistochemistry (Frozen sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (ab240193), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Frozen sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (ab240193)

    Immunohistochemical analysis of 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed, 0.2% Triton X-100-permeabilised mouse cerebrum tissue staining glutamine synthetase with Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] ab176562 at 1/250 dilution, followed by alexaFluor®488 Goat anti-Rabbit secondary (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) ab150077) at 1/1000 dilution. Heat mediated antigen retrieval using sodium citrate buffer (10mM citrate pH 6.0 + 0.05% Tween-20). DAPI was used as a nuclear counterstain.

    Positive staining on mouse cerebrum (PMID: 23895693).

    This data was developed using the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation containing PBS, BSA, glycerol, and sodium azide (Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] ab176562).

  • Western blot - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (ab240193), expandable thumbnail

    Western blot - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (ab240193)

    This data was developed using Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] ab176562, the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation.

    Blocking and diluting buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST

    All lanes: Western blot - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (ab240193) at 1/2000 dilution

    Lane 1: Human fetal liver lysates at 20 µg

    Lane 2: HeLa (Human cervix adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) whole cell lysates at 15 µg

    Lane 3: Mouse spleen lysates at 20 µg

    Lane 4: Rat spleen lysates at 20 µg

    Secondary

    All lanes: Western blot - Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051) at 1/100000 dilution

    Predicted band size: 42 kDa

    Observed band size: 42 kDa

  • Western blot - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (ab240193), expandable thumbnail

    Western blot - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (ab240193)

    This data was developed using Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] ab176562, the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation.

    All lanes: Western blot - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (ab240193) at 1/1000 dilution

    Lane 1: Human fetal liver lysate at 10 µg

    Lane 2: Jurkat cell lysate at 10 µg

    Lane 3: HeLa cell lysate at 10 µg

    Developed using the ECL technique.

    Predicted band size: 42 kDa

  • Western blot - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (ab240193), expandable thumbnail

    Western blot - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (ab240193)

    This data was developed using Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] ab176562, the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation:

    Lanes 1 - 2: Merged signal (red and green). Green - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] ab176562 observed at 42 kDa. Red - loading control, Anti-Vinculin antibody [VIN-54] ab130007, observed at 130 kDa.

    Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] ab176562 was shown to recognize Glutamine Synthetase in wild-type HAP1 cells as signal was lost at the expected MW in GLUL knockout cells. Additional cross-reactive bands were observed in the wild-type and knockout cells. Wild-type and GLUL knockout samples were subjected to SDS-PAGE. Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] ab176562 and Anti-Vinculin antibody [VIN-54] ab130007 (Mouse anti-Vinculin loading control) were incubated overnight at 4°C at 1 μg/ml and 1/20000 dilution respectively. Blots were developed with Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preabsorbed Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preadsorbed ab216773 and Goat anti-Mouse IgG H&L (IRDye® 680RD) preabsorbed Goat anti-Mouse IgG H&L (IRDye® 680RD) preadsorbed ab216776 secondary antibodies at 1/20000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature before imaging.

    All lanes: Western blot - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (ab240193) at 1 µg

    Lane 1: Wild-type HAP1 whole cell lysate at 20 µg

    Lane 2: GLUL knockout HAP1 whole cell lysate at 20 µg

    Predicted band size: 42 kDa

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (ab240193), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (ab240193)

    Immunohistochemical analysis of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded, Human glioma tissue labeling Glutamine Synthetase with unpurified Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] ab176562 at a 1/100 dilution.

    This data was developed using the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation containing PBS, BSA, glycerol, and sodium azide (Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] ab176562).

    Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed with citrate buffer pH 6 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (ab240193), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (ab240193)

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) analysis of Human glioma tissue sections labeling Glutamine Synthetase with purified Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] ab176562 at 1:500 dilution (0.18 μg/ml). Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed using citrate Buffer, pH6.0. Tissue was counterstained with Hematoxylin. ImmunoHistoProbe one step HRP Polymer (ready to use) secondary antibody was used at 1:0 dilution. PBS instead of the primary antibody was used as the negative control.

    This data was developed using the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation containing PBS, BSA, glycerol, and sodium azide (Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] ab176562).

  • Immunohistochemistry (Frozen sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (ab240193), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Frozen sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (ab240193)

    Immunohistochemical analysis of 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed, 0.2% Triton X-100-permeabilised rat cerebrum tissue staining glutamine synthetase with Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] ab176562 at 1/250 dilution, followed by alexaFluor®488 Goat anti-Rabbit secondary (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) ab150077) at 1/1000 dilution. Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed using sodium citrate buffer (10mM citrate pH 6.0 + 0.05% Tween-20). DAPI was used as a nuclear counterstain.

    Positive staining on rat cerebrum (PMID: 23895693).

    This data was developed using the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation containing PBS, BSA, glycerol, and sodium azide (Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] ab176562).

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (ab240193), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (ab240193)

    Immunohistochemical analysis of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded, Human liver tissue labeling Glutamine Synthetase with unpurified Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] ab176562 at a 1/100 dilution.

    This data was developed using the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation containing PBS, BSA, glycerol, and sodium azide (Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] ab176562).

    Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed with citrate buffer pH 6 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (ab240193), expandable thumbnail
    This image is courtesy of Alex Van Engelenburg

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (ab240193)

    Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] ab176562 staining Glutamine Synthetasein Mouse Liver tissue sections by Immunohistochemistry (PFA perfusion fixed frozen sections). Tissue samples were fixed by perfusion with formaldehyde, blocked with PB Protein Block ab64226 for 10 minutes at room temperature and antigen retrieval was by heat mediation in citrate buffer. The sample was incubated with primary antibody (1/200) for 30 minutes. A HRP-conjugated Goat anti-rabbit polyclonal (1/200) was used as the secondary antibody.

    This data was developed using the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation containing PBS, BSA, glycerol, and sodium azide (Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] ab176562).

  • Multiplex immunohistochemistry - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (ab240193), expandable thumbnail

    Multiplex immunohistochemistry - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (ab240193)

    This data was developed using Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] ab176562, the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation.

    Multiplex immunohistochemistry analysis of formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded Human retina tissue labeling PAX6, Glutamine Synthetase and CRX with Anti-PAX6 antibody [EPR3352(2)] ab109233 at 1/10000 dilution, ab240193 at 1/20000 dilution and Anti-CRX antibody [EPR9582] - BSA and Azide free ab248897 at 1/1000 dilution followed by a ready to use Opal Polymer HRP Ms + Rb secondary antibody. Nuclear counter stain used was DAPI.

    Heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, epitope retrieval solution2) for 20 mins

    Panel A: merged staining of anti-CRX (gray; Opal™690), anti-Glutamine Synthetase (green; Opal™520) and anti-PAX6 (red; Opal™570) on human retina.
    Panel B: anti-PAX6 stained on retinal progenitor cells.
    Panel C: anti-Glutamine Synthetase stained on Müller glia.
    Panel D: anti-CRX stained on subset cells of outer nuclear layer and inner nuclear layer.

    The section was incubated in three rounds of staining: in the order of Anti-CRX antibody [EPR9582] - BSA and Azide free ab248897, ab240193, and Anti-PAX6 antibody [EPR3352(2)] ab109233 for 30 mins at room temperature. Each round was followed by a separate fluorescent tyramide signal amplification system.

    The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument with an Opal™ 4-color kit. Image acquisition was performed with Leica SP8 confocal microscope.

Downloads

Product protocols

For this product, it's our understanding that no specific protocols are required. You can:

Please note: All products are 'FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR USE IN DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURES'.

For licensing inquiries, please contact partnerships@abcam.com