Anti-Glycogenin 2 antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Glycogenin 2 sometimes referred to as GN2 is a protein involved in the initiation of glycogen synthesis. It acts as the primer initiating the polymerization process by attaching glucose residues to itself to form the core of glycogen particles. Glycogenin 2 has a molecular mass of approximately 66 kDa. It is expressed in many tissues particularly in liver and muscle tissues where glycogen synthesis is essential for glucose storage.

Biological function summary

As a self-glucosylating enzyme glycogenin 2 plays an important role in glycogen particle formation. It exists as a homodimer a reflection of its ability to self-prime and extend glucose polymers. Through this activity it helps maintain the balance of energy supply in cells a function critical in tissues with high energy demands. Despite its catalytic role it interacts with other enzymes such as glycogen synthase to carry out its biological activities effectively.

Pathways

The enzymatic activity of glycogenin 2 is central to glycogen biosynthesis. It acts upstream of the glycogen synthesis pathway providing the necessary primer for glycogen synthase to extend the glucose chain. This pathway is vital for glucose storage regulation in organisms. Glycogenin 2 works alongside proteins like UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase which supplies the active glucose moiety for glycogen chain elongation.

Associated diseases and disorders

Glycogenin 2's function is important in glycogen storage diseases like glycogen storage disease type 0. Its malfunction leads to improper glycogen synthesis resulting in energy storage deficiencies. In some hepatic conditions altered glycogenin 2 activity has been observed playing a role in the irregular accumulation of glycogen. Additionally its interaction with glycogen synthase can complicate this scenario as the disruption of their interaction can inhibit normal glycogen deposition affecting metabolic health.