Anti-GNAI2 antibody [EPR9469]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

GNAI2 also known as Gi2 alpha-subunit is a G protein subunit encoded by the GNAI2 gene. It has a molecular weight of approximately 40 kDa. It influences intracellular signaling pathways by inhibiting adenylyl cyclase and decreasing the levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP) within the cell. GNAI2 is found in a variety of tissues with high expression in the brain heart and lymphoid tissues. This wide expression pattern shows its importance in different physiological processes across various organs.

Biological function summary

GNAI2 functions as part of heterotrimeric G protein complexes. It couples with receptors on the cell surface transmitting signals from activated receptors to downstream effectors. GNAI2 binds with GDP in its inactive state and exchanges it for GTP upon receptor activation which causes the dissociation of the G protein into G alpha and G beta-gamma subunits continuing the signaling cascade. GNAI2 contributes to the modulation of processes such as neurotransmission immune responses and cell proliferation.

Pathways

GNAI2 plays an important role in the MAPK/ERK pathway and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. It interacts with various receptors and proteins to regulate cellular responses to external stimuli. For instance through the MAPK/ERK pathway GNAI2 influences gene expression and cell division while in the PI3K/Akt pathway it plays a role in cell survival and apoptosis. Its interaction with proteins like G-beta and G-gamma subunits emphasizes its integrative function in coordinating signal transduction.

Associated diseases and disorders

GNAI2 has links to certain types of cancer and autoimmune diseases. Mutations or dysregulations in GNAI2 expression can influence cancer progression through abnormal cell signaling pathways. Additionally in autoimmune disorders aberrations in GNAI2 signaling can disrupt immune responses contributing to the pathology of diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus. GNAI2 interacts with proteins like adenylyl cyclase and specific receptor proteins which are important for maintaining normal cellular signaling and their dysregulation can lead to disease.