Anti-GnRHR antibody [GNRHR/768]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

GnRHR also known as the Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor is a G-protein coupled receptor that plays an important role in the reproductive system. This receptor has a molecular mass of approximately 37 kDa. GnRHR is mainly expressed in the pituitary gland but it is also found in other tissues like the ovary and prostate. Its primary function is to bind to the GnRH ligand which triggers the release of hormones such as luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).

Biological function summary

The GnRHR is involved in regulating reproductive functions by mediating the action of GnRH at the pituitary level. It does not form part of larger complex structures like some other receptors might. This interaction leads to a second messenger cascade mainly involving phospholipase C which increases intracellular calcium levels. In turn hormone secretion is stimulated leading to gametogenesis and steroidogenesis.

Pathways

The GnRHR is integral to the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis an important regulatory pathway in reproductive endocrinology. It works closely with proteins like FSH and LH which are essential for proper sexual development and reproductive health. The receptor activation initiates signaling pathways leading to the transcription of genes responsible for reproductive maturation and function.

Associated diseases and disorders

GnRHR is notably associated with conditions like hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Mutations or malfunctions in this receptor or GnRH can lead to insufficient gonadotropin release. This malfunction disrupts the regular hormonal feedback loop necessary for reproduction. Furthermore altered signaling through GnRHR has connections to neoplastic disorders in tissues where it is expressed linking it to cancer pathways where proteins such as kisspeptin can also play a role.