Anti-GPBB antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

The protein generally known as GPBB (glycogen phosphorylase brain form) plays a critical role in glucose metabolism. An alternate name for this protein is brain-type glycogen phosphorylase. The GPBB protein weighs approximately 97 kDa. It is mainly expressed in the brain but also present in skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues. This enzyme catalyzes the breakdown of glycogen into glucose-1-phosphate an essential step in energy production particularly during periods of increased cellular energy demand.

Biological function summary

GPBB contributes significantly to cellular energy homeostasis. It often partners with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) among other proteins acting as a part of cellular complexes that regulate energy metabolism. GPBB is essential in maintaining the balance between glycogen synthesis and degradation ensuring that glucose levels rise during energy-demanding activities. This regulation supports proper brain function especially in neurons which heavily rely on glucose as an energy source.

Pathways

GPBB is fundamental in the glycogenolysis pathway which mobilizes glucose from glycogen reserves during metabolic needs. GPBB also relates to the insulin signaling pathway influencing how cells respond to insulin a protein vital for glucose uptake and metabolism. Through these pathways GPBB interacts with other proteins like glycogen synthase and phosphoglucomutase establishing a network that carefully coordinates metabolic responses to varying energy availability.

Associated diseases and disorders

GPBB has significant implications in cardiac ischemia and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. During cardiac ischemia elevated levels of GPBB often indicate heart damage given its role in glycogen breakdown in cardiac muscle cells. In Alzheimer's disease abnormal GPBB activity might affect neuronal energy balance contributing to the disease's progression. Understanding these connections is important for developing therapeutic approaches targeting metabolic pathways involving GPBB.