Rabbit Polyclonal GPR91 antibody. Suitable for IHC-P and reacts with Human samples. Cited in 4 publications. Immunogen corresponding to Synthetic Peptide within Human SUCNR1.
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- Cell reports 40:1113892022Targeting the succinate receptor effectively inhibits periodontitis.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesYuqi Guo,Fangxi Xu,Scott C Thomas,Yanli Zhang,Bidisha Paul,Satish Sakilam,Sungpil Chae,Patty Li,Caleb Almeter,Angela R Kamer,Paramjit Arora,Dana T Graves,Deepak Saxena,Xin LiPubMed 36130514
- Frontiers in endocrinology 12:5894512021Succinate Mediates Tumorigenic Effects Succinate Receptor 1: Potential for New Targeted Treatment Strategies in Succinate Dehydrogenase Deficient Paragangliomas.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesDieter M Matlac,Katerina Hadrava Vanova,Nicole Bechmann,Susan Richter,Julica Folberth,Hans K Ghayee,Guang-Bo Ge,Luma Abunimer,Robert Wesley,Redouane Aherrahrou,Margo Dona,Ángel M Martínez-Montes,Bruna Calsina,Maria J Merino,Markus Schwaninger,Peter M T Deen,Zhengping Zhuang,Jiri Neuzil,Karel Pacak,Hendrik Lehnert,Stephanie M J FliednerPubMed 33776908
- Evidence-based complementary and alternative medic 2019:32585722019Baihu Jia Guizhi Decoction Improves Rheumatoid Arthritis Inflammation by Regulating Succinate/SUCNR1 Metabolic Signaling Pathway.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesHuan Chen et. al.PubMed 31949465
- International journal of molecular medicine 42:2437-24462018miR‑760 mediates hypoxia-induced proliferation and apoptosis of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells via targeting TLR4.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesYu-Zhong Yang et. al.PubMed 30226538
Key facts
- Isotype
- IgG
- Host species
- Rabbit
- Storage buffer
pH: 7.4
Preservative: 0.1% Sodium azide
Constituents: 99% PBS- Form
- Liquid
- Clonality
- Polyclonal
Immunogen
- Synthetic Peptide within Human SUCNR1. The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information. Database link Q9BXA5
Reactivity data
Select an application| IHC-P | |
|---|---|
| Human | Tested |
| Mouse | Predicted |
| Common marmoset | Predicted |
| Gorilla | Predicted |
| Hamster | Predicted |
| Horse | Predicted |
| Monkey | Predicted |
| Rabbit | Predicted |
IHC-P
TestedTested
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 3 µg/mL | Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
PredictedPredicted
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Rabbit, Horse, Hamster, Monkey, Gorilla, Common marmoset | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Associated Products
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Target data
Function
G protein-coupled receptor for succinate able to mediate signaling through Gq/GNAQ or Gi/GNAI second messengers depending on the cell type and the processes regulated (By similarity) (PubMed:15141213, PubMed:23770096, PubMed:34133934). Succinate-SUCNR1 signaling serves as a link between metabolic stress, inflammation and energy homeostasis (PubMed:18820681, PubMed:34133934). In macrophages, plays a range of immune-regulatory roles. During inflammation, succinate-SUCNR1 signaling may act as an anti-inflammatory mediator or boost inflammation depending on the inflammatory status of cells (By similarity). Hyperpolarizes M2 macrophages versus M1 phenotype through Gq signaling by regulating the transcription of genes involved in immune function (PubMed:34133934). In activated M1 macrophages, plays a pro-inflammatory role in response to LPS (By similarity). Expressed in dendritic cells, where it is involved in the sensing of immunological danger and enhances immunity. Mediates succinate triggered intracelleular calcium mobilization, induces migratory responses and acts in synergy with Toll-like receptor ligands for the production of proinflammatory cytokines as well as an enhancement of antigen-specific activation of helper T cells (PubMed:18820681). In the small intestine, mediates the activation of tuft cells by dietary succinate and triggers type 2 immunity (By similarity). In adipocytes, plays an important role in the control of energy metabolism. In response to succinate, controls leptin expression in an AMPK-JNK-CEBPA-dependent as well as circadian clock-regulated manner (By similarity). In muscle tissue, is expressed in non-muscle cells and coordinates muscle remodeling in response to the succinate produced during exercise training in a paracrine manner (By similarity). In retina, acts as a mediator of vessel growth during retinal development. In response to succinate, regulates the production of angiogenic factors, including VEGF, by retinal ganglion neurons (By similarity).
Alternative names
GPR91, SUCNR1, Succinate receptor 1, G-protein coupled receptor 91, P2Y purinoceptor 1-like
Recommended products
Rabbit Polyclonal GPR91 antibody. Suitable for IHC-P and reacts with Human samples. Cited in 4 publications. Immunogen corresponding to Synthetic Peptide within Human SUCNR1.
Key facts
- Isotype
- IgG
- Host species
- Rabbit
- Storage buffer
pH: 7.4
Preservative: 0.1% Sodium azide
Constituents: 99% PBS- Form
- Liquid
- Clonality
- Polyclonal
- Immunogen
- Synthetic Peptide within Human SUCNR1. The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information. Database link Q9BXA5
- Purification technique
- Affinity purification Immunogen
- Specificity
BLAST analysis of the peptide immunogen showed no homology with other Human proteins.
- Concentration
Storage
- Shipped at conditions
- Blue Ice
- Appropriate short-term storage conditions
- +4°C
- Appropriate long-term storage conditions
- -20°C
Supplementary info
- This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
- Activity summary
GPR91 also known as succinate receptor 1 is a G-protein-coupled receptor with a mass of approximately 32 kDa. It localizes to the cell membrane and is most prominently expressed in the kidneys liver and retinal tissue. The receptor consists of seven transmembrane domains with both cytoplasmic domain and cytoplasmic region playing important roles in signal transduction. It senses extracellular succinate levels and helps to mediate various cellular responses.
- Biological function summary
GPR91 acts as a sensor for succinate an intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. When succinate binds to GPR91 it initiates a signaling cascade involving the activation of downstream effectors such as intracellular Ca2+ and ERK1/2. This receptor is not a part of a large receptor complex instead it interacts directly with kinases and other signaling molecules. The response can induce angiogenesis especially under conditions of ocular stress and hypoxia indicating its role in retaining physiological balance.
- Pathways
GPR91 is significantly involved in the metabolic and inflammatory pathways. In metabolic pathways it works closely with proteins like HIF-1α conveying changes in cellular energy status. The receptor also intersects with inflammatory pathways by modulating immune responses through production of reactive oxygen species and cytokines. Both pathways highlight important roles of GPR91 in cellular adaptation to metabolic and environmental cues.
- Associated diseases and disorders
GPR91 shows associations with diabetic retinopathy and ischemic kidney disease. In diabetic retinopathy GPR91 activation can lead to inappropriate angiogenesis making it a contributor to disease progression. Similarly in ischemic kidney disease the receptor's involvement in hypoxic signaling can exacerbate kidney damage by interacting with related receptors like GPR99 in the renal system. These insights suggest potential therapeutic targets within GPR91 signaling for these conditions.
Product promise
Tested
We have tested this species and application combination and it works. It is covered by our product promise.
Expected
We have not tested this specific species and application combination in-house, but expect it will work. It is covered by our product promise.
Predicted
This species and application combination has not been tested, but we predict it will work based on strong homology. However, this combination is not covered by our product promise.
Not recommended
We do not recommend this combination. It is not covered by our product promise.
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1 product image
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-GPR91 antibody - Cytoplasmic domain (ab140795)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Human kidney, medulla tissue labelling GPR91 with ab140795 at 3 µg/ml (after heat-induced antigen retrieval).
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