Anti-Gremlin 1 antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Gremlin 1 often referred to as Gremlin or gremlin-1 protein acts as an antagonist to bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). Commonly known as Gremlin 1 protein or Gremlin rat in certain studies it exhibits a mass of approximately 28 kDa. Researchers find Gremlin 1 expressed in various tissues including the kidney lung and limb bud highlighting its presence in numerous developmental processes. Its presence in these tissues indicates its importance in organogenesis and tissue differentiation.

Biological function summary

Gremlin 1 inhibits the BMP pathway which plays an important role in cellular growth and differentiation. It does not function alone; instead it becomes part of a complex interaction network that modulates cell proliferation and embryonic organ development. Gremlin 1's binding to BMPs prevents them from interacting with their receptors affecting the signaling cascade necessary for normal bone and cartilage development as well as vascular patterning.

Pathways

The regulatory function of Gremlin 1 is essential in the BMP signaling pathway. The well-known TGF-beta signaling pathway is influenced by Gremlin 1 as it regulates the balance of BMP activity. Gremlin 1's interaction with BMP4 a closely related protein exemplifies its impact on the differentiation and proliferation of mesenchymal cells.

Associated diseases and disorders

Gremlin 1 expression has links to fibrotic diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis and chronic kidney disease. These conditions often involve excessive tissue scarring and dysfunction where Gremlin 1's modulation of the BMP pathway exacerbates the fibrosis process. Additionally its interaction with proteins such as BMP7 during these disease states highlights the potential for therapeutic targeting to reverse or inhibit fibrotic progression.