Anti-GWL antibody [EPR11719(B)]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

GWL also known as Greatwall kinase (and occasionally Mastl) is a protein kinase with a calculated molecular mass of about 58 kDa. This protein mainly expresses in various tissues but it shows higher expression in organs such as the heart liver and skeletal muscle. GWL plays a mechanical role in the regulation of cell cycle through its kinase activity which phosphorylates other key proteins involved in mitosis.

Biological function summary

GWL influences the cell cycle and mitotic progression by modulating the activity of the phosphatase inhibitor proteins ENSA and ARPP19. It is part of a functional complex with these proteins when activated leading to the inhibition of Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A) during mitosis which allows for proper chromosome condensation and segregation. This ensures that the cells divide accurately maintaining genomic stability.

Pathways

Different cellular pathways integrate their signals through GWL to regulate mitosis. One of the key pathways is the cell cycle control pathway where GWL works alongside CDK1 and is essential for the phosphorylation cascade that leads to mitotic entry. Another pathway of note is the mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint where GWL interacts with proteins such as BUB1 and MAD2 helping establish mechanisms that ensure cells do not prematurely progress through mitosis with errors.

Associated diseases and disorders

GWL dysfunction links to cancer due to its critical role in cell division. Aberrant expression or mutation of GWL can lead to aneuploidy and genomic instability factors that contribute to tumorigenesis. Moreover abnormalities in GWL expression have been associated with neurological disorders like Alzheimer's disease where it may interact with tau protein aggregation pathways. In cancer GWL often works in conjunction with oncogenes like MYC and tumor suppressors such as p53 influencing their roles in controlling cell proliferation and survival.