Anti-HARS antibody [EPR9451]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

HARS also known as Histidyl-tRNA synthetase is an enzyme involved in the translation process of protein synthesis. It charges tRNA molecules with histidine facilitating the incorporation of this amino acid into growing polypeptide chains. HARS has an approximate molecular mass of 57 kDa. The enzyme is widely expressed in human tissues including high levels in the liver and skeletal muscle which supports its role in the active protein synthesis associated with these organs.

Biological function summary

Histidyl-tRNA synthetase plays a fundamental role in ensuring accuracy during protein synthesis by attaching histidine to its corresponding tRNA. This enzyme acts as a monomer but often interacts with other synthetases in a multisynthetase complex. By providing histidine-charged tRNAs HARS supports the translation machinery that synthesizes proteins based on encoded genetic instructions reflecting its essentiality in cellular health and function.

Pathways

HARS operates predominantly within the aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis pathway which is essential for protein translation. This pathway involves several other aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases including the leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LARS) and lysyl-tRNA synthetase (KARS) which facilitate the attachment of specific amino acids to their respective tRNAs. Additionally HARS links to the broader mTOR signaling pathway a critical pathway for regulating cell growth and protein synthesis in response to nutrient availability.

Associated diseases and disorders

HARS mutations have association with a range of pathologies particularly autoimmune conditions such as myositis. Changes in HARS expression or function are also observed in neurodegenerative diseases like Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease a disorder characterized by peripheral nerve damage. Connections to these diseases highlight interactions between HARS and proteins involved in immune response and nerve function although the precise mechanisms may require further study.