Anti-Heme Oxygenase 1 antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Heme Oxygenase 1 also known as HO-1 or HMOX1 is an enzyme that plays an important mechanistic role in heme catabolism. It catalyzes the degradation of heme into biliverdin carbon monoxide and free iron. This process involves the cleavage of the heme ring. HO-1 has a molecular weight of approximately 32 kDa. It is widely expressed in numerous tissues but is especially abundant in the liver and spleen. Its expression is induced by heme and other stress stimuli such as heavy metals cytokines and reactive oxygen species.

Biological function summary

Heme Oxygenase 1 serves important protective functions in the body. It is not part of a larger complex but its products such as carbon monoxide and biliverdin have their own biological activities. Carbon monoxide produced by HO-1 has antiflammatory properties and can modulate apoptotic pathways. Biliverdin is reduced to bilirubin which acts as an antioxidant. The enzyme therefore directly influences cellular stress responses and maintains cellular homeostasis through these processes.

Pathways

Heme Oxygenase 1 is integrally involved in oxidative stress response and heme metabolism. It participates in the cellular response to oxidative damage by reducing oxidative stress and promoting cytoprotection. Through its heme degradation activity it is connected with the synthesis of biologically active molecules like bilirubin and carbon monoxide. Heme Oxygenase 1 activity is related to other proteins in oxidative stress pathways such as Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) which regulates its expression and globins which are sources of heme for HO-1 activity.

Associated diseases and disorders

Heme Oxygenase 1 has been linked to conditions like cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. Its expression can attenuate the severity of atherosclerosis where oxidative stress is an important factor. In neurodegenerative diseases HO-1’s antioxidant properties may provide neuroprotection by mitigating oxidative damage. The protein's interactions with inflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha influence its activity in these disease contexts.