Anti-HES5 antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

The HES5 protein also known as Hairy and Enhancer of Split 5 represents a transcriptional repressor involved in various cellular processes. Having a molecular weight of around 30 kDa HES5 is part of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors. Its expression predominantly occurs in the nervous system specifically in neural progenitor cells. Additionally HES5 also shows expression in certain tissues during early developmental stages.

Biological function summary

The HES5 protein influences neurogenesis by regulating the transcription of genes involved in developmental pathways. It does not work alone but as part of a larger complex of proteins specifically within the Notch signaling pathway. When active HES5 suppresses the expression of proneural genes thereby maintaining neural progenitor cells in an undifferentiated state an important function for proper neural development. This regulatory role is essential for ensuring the balance between neural progenitor proliferation and differentiation.

Pathways

HES5 functions significantly within the Notch signaling and Wnt pathways which are critical to cellular differentiation and proliferation. The Notch signaling pathway includes interactions with related proteins like Notch receptors and ligands such as DLL1 and JAG1. These interactions modulate gene expression that governs neural stem cell maintenance and differentiation. Within the Wnt pathway HES5 indirectly influences signaling that affects cellular fate decisions showing the protein’s role in developing a cellular environment conducive to tissue repair and regeneration.

Associated diseases and disorders

HES5 has associations with central nervous system disorders like glioblastoma and neurodegenerative diseases. In glioblastoma altered expression of HES5 contributes to the aberrant regulation of neural progenitor states influencing tumorigenesis. HES5's role in neurodegenerative diseases links to its regulatory control over neurogenesis potentially affecting conditions such as Alzheimer's disease. Connections with other proteins such as NOTCH1 in glioblastoma indicate the complex interplay of HES5 within these disease states.