Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal HMGCS2 antibody. Suitable for WB, Dot, IHC-P, ICC/IF, Flow Cyt (Intra), IP and reacts with Human samples.
pH: 7.2 - 7.4
Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide
Constituents: 59% PBS, 40% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.05% BSA
WB | Dot | IHC-P | ICC/IF | Flow Cyt (Intra) | IP | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Human | Tested | Tested | Tested | Tested | Tested | Tested |
Mouse | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended |
Rat | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1/1000 | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Rat | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1/1000 | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Rat | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1/2000 | Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Mouse | Dilution info - | Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
Species Rat | Dilution info - | Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1/500 | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Rat | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1/500 | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Rat | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1/30 | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Rat | Dilution info - | Notes - |
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Catalyzes the first irreversible step in ketogenesis, condensing acetyl-CoA to acetoacetyl-CoA to form HMG-CoA, which is converted by HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) into mevalonate.
HMG-CoA synthase, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase, HMGCS2
Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal HMGCS2 antibody. Suitable for WB, Dot, IHC-P, ICC/IF, Flow Cyt (Intra), IP and reacts with Human samples.
pH: 7.2 - 7.4
Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide
Constituents: 59% PBS, 40% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.05% BSA
Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.
This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:
For more information, read more on recombinant antibodies.
HMGCS2 also known as hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2 is an enzyme involved in ketogenesis. It catalyzes the conversion of acetyl-CoA to HMG-CoA an essential step in the production of ketone bodies. This enzyme has a molecular mass of approximately 57 kDa. HMGCS2 is mainly expressed in the liver and is located within the mitochondria where it works under controlled metabolic conditions.
HMGCS2 activates the ketogenesis process which generates ketone bodies such as acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate that serve as alternative energy sources when glucose is scarce. This enzyme is not known to be part of any larger protein complex. During fasting states or prolonged exercise the liver uptakes fatty acids and converts them into ketone bodies through HMGCS2 activity providing energy especially for organs like the brain and muscles.
HMGCS2 functions in the ketogenesis and lipid metabolism pathways. It works alongside enzymes like HMG-CoA lyase which further processes HMG-CoA into acetoacetate a precursor for other ketone bodies. The interplay of HMGCS2 with fatty acid oxidation allows it to regulate energy homeostasis coordinating with enzymes such as carnitine palmitoyltransferase I which aids in transporting fatty acids into mitochondria for oxidation.
HMGCS2 malfunctions or deficiencies relate to disorders such as hypoketotic hypoglycemia and hepatic encephalopathy. Disrupted activity can affect energy balance particularly during fasting impacting glucose homeostasis. Alterations in HMGCS2 expression or function can connect with proteins like medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase which plays roles in fatty acid metabolism disorders further complicating the metabolic landscape when HMGCS2 is impaired.
We have tested this species and application combination and it works. It is covered by our product promise.
We have not tested this specific species and application combination in-house, but expect it will work. It is covered by our product promise.
This species and application combination has not been tested, but we predict it will work based on strong homology. However, this combination is not covered by our product promise.
We do not recommend this combination. It is not covered by our product promise.
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In the unlikely event of one of our products not working as expected, you are covered by our product promise.
Full details and terms and conditions can be found here:
Terms & Conditions.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Human colon tissue labeling HMGCS2 with ab305227 at 1/2000 (0.237 µg/ml) followed by a LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection) was used at Ready to use dilution. Cytoplasmic staining on human colon (PMID: 35422042, PMID: 31355161). The section was incubated with ab305227 for 30 mins at room temperature. The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument Counterstained with Hematoxylin.
Secondary antibody only control: Secondary antibody is LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection) was used at Ready to use dilution.
Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, Epitope Retrieval Solution2) for 20 mins
Dot blot analysis of HMGCS2 using ab305227 at 1:1000 (0.473 μg/ml) followed by a Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG, (H+L), Peroxidase conjugated (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051) at 1:100,000 dilution.
Lane 1: His-tagged human HMGCS1 recombinant protein 10 ng
Lane 2: MYC/DDK tagged human HMGCS2 recombinant protein 10 ng
Exposure time: 180 seconds
Blocking and diluting buffer and concentration: 5% NFDM/TBST
Immunofluorescent analysis of 4% Paraformaldehyde-fixed, 0.1% TritonX-100 permeabilized Caco-2 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) cells labelling HMGCS2 with ab305227 at 1/500 dilution, followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) preadsorbed ab150081 Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) preadsorbed antibody at 1/1000 dilution (Green). Confocal image showing mitochondrial staining in Caco-2 cells. Negative control: HCT 116 (PMID: 28468827). The image was taken with a confocal microscope (Leica-Microsystems, TCS SP8).
Anti-COX IV antibody [mAbcam33985] - Mitochondrial Marker ab33985 Anti-COX IV mouse monoclonal antibody - Mitochondrial Marker was used to counterstain tubulin at 1/1000 dilution (Red).
The Nuclear counterstain was DAPI (Blue).
Secondary antibody only control: Secondary antibody is Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) preadsorbed ab150081 Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) preadsorbed at 1/1000 dilution.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Human cerebrum tissue labeling HMGCS2 with ab305227 at 1/2000 (0.237 µg/ml) followed by a LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection) was used at Ready to use dilution. Negative control: no staining on human cerebrum (PMID: 7893153, PMID: 22523078, PMID: 23943793, PMID: 24391449). The section was incubated with ab305227 for 30 mins at room temperature. The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument Counterstained with Hematoxylin.
Secondary antibody only control: Secondary antibody is LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection) was used at Ready to use dilution.
Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, Epitope Retrieval Solution2) for 20 mins
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Human liver tissue labeling HMGCS2 with ab305227 at 1/2000 (0.237 µg/ml) followed by a LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection) was used at Ready to use dilution. Cytoplasmic staining on human liver (PMID: 31779269). The section was incubated with ab305227 for 30 mins at room temperature. The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument Counterstained with Hematoxylin.
Secondary antibody only control: Secondary antibody is LeicaDS9800 (Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection) was used at Ready to use dilution.
Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, Epitope Retrieval Solution2) for 20 mins
HMGCS2 was immunoprecipitated from 0.35 mg Caco-2 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma epithelial cell), whole cell lysate 10 μg with ab305227 at 1/30 dilution (2μg in 0.35mg lysates). Western blot was performed on the immunoprecipitate using ab305227 at 1/1000 dilution. VeriBlot for IP secondary antibody(HRP)(VeriBlot for IP Detection Reagent (HRP) ab131366) was used at 1/5000 dilution.
Lane 1: Caco-2 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma epithelial cell), whole cell lysate 10 μg
Lane 2: ab305227 IP in Caco-2 whole cell lysate
Lane 3: Rabbit monoclonal IgG (Rabbit IgG, monoclonal [EPR25A] - Isotype Control ab172730) instead of ab305227 in Caco-2 whole cell lysate
Blocking and dilution buffer and concentration: 5% NFDM/TBST.
Exposure time: 180 seconds
All lanes: Immunoprecipitation - Anti-HMGCS2 antibody [EPR26978-39] (ab305227) at 1/30 dilution
All lanes: Caco-2 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma epithelial cell)
All lanes: Immunoprecipitation - VeriBlot for IP Detection Reagent (HRP) (VeriBlot for IP Detection Reagent (HRP) ab131366) at 1/5000 dilution
Observed band size: 50 kDa
Exposure time: 180s
Blocking and diluting buffer and concentration: 5% NFDM/TBST
Negative control: HCT 116 (PMID: 28468827)
Exposure time:
lanes 1-2: 6 seconds
lanes 3-5: 180 seconds
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-HMGCS2 antibody [EPR26978-39] (ab305227) at 1/1000 dilution
Lane 1: Human liver tissue lysate at 20 µg
Lane 2: Human colon tissue lysate at 20 µg
Lane 3: COLO 205 (human colon adenocarcinoma tumor ascitic epithelial cell), whole cell lysate at 20 µg
Lane 4: HCT 116 (human colorectal carcinoma epithelial cell), whole cell lysate at 20 µg
Lane 5: Caco-2 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma epithelial cell), whole cell lysate at 20 µg
All lanes: Western blot - Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051) at 1/100000 dilution
Observed band size: 50 kDa
Flow cytometric analysis of 4% paraformaldehyde fixed 90% methanol permeabilized HCT116 (human colorectal carcinoma epithelial cell, Left) / Caco-2 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma epithelial cell, Right) cells labelling HMGCS2 with ab305227 at 1/500 dilution (0.1ug) (Red) compared with a Rabbit monoclonal IgG (Rabbit IgG, monoclonal [EPR25A] - Isotype Control ab172730) (Black) isotype control and an unlabelled control (cells without incubation with primary antibody and secondary antibody) (Blue). A Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (Alexa Fluor® 488, Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) preadsorbed ab150081) at 1/2000 dilution was used as the secondary antibody. Negative control: HCT116 (PMID: 28468827).
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