HRP Anti-alpha smooth muscle Actin (acetyl E3) + ACTG2 (acetyl E3) antibody [E184]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Alpha smooth muscle Actin also known as ACTG2 is an important protein in muscle contraction and cellular structure. It is most commonly found in smooth muscle cells and is not typically expressed in striated muscle. This protein is part of the actin family and has a molecular mass of approximately 42 kDa. ACTG2 plays a role in forming microfilaments which are key components of the muscle contractile machinery. In smooth muscle tissues such as those found in the intestines and blood vessels ACTG2 is often detected together with other cytoskeletal and regulatory proteins.

Biological function summary

ACTG2 contributes to muscle contraction by facilitating the interaction between actin and myosin. It is not considered a part of a protein complex but interacts closely with several other proteins involved in contractile functions. Beyond contraction ACTG2 also supports cellular integrity and shape maintenance. In tissues ACTG2 is involved in activities that require dynamic structural reorganization such as during cellular migration and wound healing highlighting its versatility beyond just a contractile agent.

Pathways

ACTG2 participates in the regulation of the smooth muscle contraction pathway influencing muscle tone and responsiveness to stimuli. The actin-myosin interaction where ACTG2 is involved is critical for the contractile process with other proteins like myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) and tropomyosin playing supportive roles. Additionally the integrin signaling pathway is another context where ACTG2 is indirectly involved aiding in the transmission of mechanical signals from the extracellular matrix to the cell.

Associated diseases and disorders

ACTG2 is associated with conditions such as megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome (MMIHS) and various vascular disorders. Mutations in the ACTG2 gene can disrupt normal muscle function leading to defective peristalsis in the gastrointestinal tract as seen in MMIHS. The connection between ACTG2 and myosin regulatory light chains illustrates how changes in its function can impact muscle contractility and lead to disease. In vascular disorders abnormal expression of ACTG2 is often linked to impaired vessel tone and blood flow regulation.