Anti-Human IgA antibody [RM128]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Human IgA also known as Immunoglobulin A is an antibody that plays a critical role in the immune system. It weighs approximately 160 kDa and is predominantly found in mucosal areas such as the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts as well as in saliva tears and breast milk. In its molecular form IgA often exists as a dimer two IgA molecules linked by a joining (J) chain. The primary function of IgA is to protect mucosal surfaces by neutralizing pathogens and toxins preventing them from adhering to epithelial cells.

Biological function summary

IgA contributes to the immune defense by participating in immune exclusion mechanisms. As part of this process IgA interacts with the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) to transport across epithelial cells making it important for mucosal immunity. IgA is also connected with secretory components that further stabilize and enhance its longevity in mucosal secretions. It plays an integral role in forming complexes that assist in eliminating antigens from mucosal surfaces.

Pathways

Human IgA is an important player in the mucosal immune response pathway defending against pathogens by zeroing in on antigen neutralization. Its interactions with the pIgR are central to the transport mechanism through epithelial cells where the IgA-pIgR complex becomes the secretory IgA. This pathway shares a strong connection with related proteins such as IgM another immunoglobulin involved in the early stages of immune response and found in serum.

Associated diseases and disorders

IgA is associated with IgA nephropathy a kidney disorder caused by the deposition of IgA in the kidneys leading to inflammation and functional impairment. Additionally IgA plays a role in celiac disease where IgA antibodies are produced in response to gluten and can contribute to intestinal damage. In these conditions the relationship between IgA and other proteins like complement component 3 (C3) is significant as improper regulation of these pathways may lead to tissue damage and disease progression.