Anti-Human IgA1 antibody [RM124]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Human IgA1 also known as Immunoglobulin A1 plays an important role in the immune response as an antibody. With an approximate mass of 160 kDa it is primarily found in mucous membranes including saliva tears and the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. Human IgA1 exists as a monomer in serum but can be dimeric in secretions connected via the J chain and secretory component. It functions to neutralize pathogens and toxins preventing their entry into the body's deeper tissues.

Biological function summary

The antibody contributes to immune defense by binding specifically to antigens. Human IgA1 is part of a larger protein complex within secretory IgA which facilitates immune function at mucosal surfaces. The presence of the secretory component protects IgA1 from degradation by enzymes enhancing the durability of the immune response. Human IgA1 cooperates with other immune system components to prevent pathogen colonization and manage local immune reactions.

Pathways

Human IgA1 is involved in the mucosal immune system and the adaptive immune response. These pathways ensure that IgA1 effectively deals with pathogens encountered in mucosal membranes. Its activity is related closely to proteins such as Immunoglobulin J chain which assists in the formation of the dimeric structure and polymeric immunoglobulin receptor which mediates its transcytosis to secretions. These interactions illustrate its central role in pathway transactions that protect mucosal health.

Associated diseases and disorders

Human IgA1 has associations with IgA nephropathy and celiac disease. In IgA nephropathy aberrant glycosylation of IgA1 leads to mesangial deposition in kidneys triggering inflammation. The process links to proteins like galactose-deficient IgA1 playing a role in disease progression. In celiac disease the immune response involving IgA1 targets transglutaminase 2 in response to gluten. These links highlight the significance of IgA1 in pathogenesis and progression of these immune-related conditions underlining its importance in disease contexts.