Anti-IFNK antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

The IFNK gene encodes for Interferon Kappa a member of the Type I interferon family. Interferon Kappa has a molecular mass of approximately 22 kDa. This protein is mainly expressed in keratinocytes which are the predominant cell type in the epidermis. Interferon Kappa shows expression also in tissues such as the spleen and liver. The protein plays a role in skin immune responses contributing to the regulation of epidermal homeostasis and the first line of defense against viral infections.

Biological function summary

Interferon Kappa initiates antiviral antiproliferative and immunomodulatory activities. Unlike some other interferons it mainly functions within epithelial tissues and has limited expression outside these areas. Interferon Kappa activates certain signal transduction pathways particularly through the JAK-STAT signaling complex. This activation leads to transcription of IFN-stimulated genes that are pivotal for the host antiviral state. Its actions include inhibition of viral replication and modulation of the immune system to enhance pathogen clearance.

Pathways

Interferon Kappa plays a significant role in the JAK-STAT pathway and the toll-like receptor signaling pathway. The JAK-STAT pathway helps to mediate immune response by facilitating communication between cytokines and cell membranes through phosphorylation events. Interferon Kappa influences signals that activate STAT proteins which then move to the cell nucleus and drive antiviral defenses. It also interacts with proteins like STAT1 and STAT2 which are vital components of this response cascade further enhancing its role in cellular defense.

Associated diseases and disorders

Research shows that Interferon Kappa relates closely with psoriasis and lupus. In psoriasis abnormal Interferon Kappa activity contributes to the dysregulated immune response that characterizes the disease linking it with other interferon-related molecules. Similarly in lupus overexpression or dysregulation can exacerbate the inflammatory processes as it ties closely with upstream proteins in the interferon signaling pathway such as IFN-alpha. Understanding these relationships provides insight into potential therapeutic strategies targeting this specific interferon in disease management.