Anti-IgA2 antibody [EPR26776-34] - BSA and Azide free (Capture)

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

IgA2 also known as Immunoglobulin A2 is an antibody isotype mainly found in mucosal areas. It has a molecular mass of approximately 160 kDa. IgA2 is primarily expressed in the mucosal membranes lining the gut respiratory tract and urogenital tract playing an important role in the immune defense of these surfaces. It differs from IgA1 in the structure of the hinge region which is shorter and less likely to be cleaved by bacterial proteases providing enhanced protection at these sites.

Biological function summary

IgA2 serves as an essential component of the mucosal immune system. It forms complexes with antigenic substances to neutralize pathogens and prevent their adherence to epithelial cells. The dimeric form of IgA2 combined with the secretory component allows it to be effectively transported across mucosal barriers into secretions where it functions without activating complement pathways therefore reducing inflammation. The secretory IgA2 forms a physical barrier on mucosal surfaces trapping microbes and toxins.

Pathways

IgA2 functions within the mucosal immune response pathways and plays an important interaction role with components of the adaptive immune response. It associates with the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) facilitating its transcytosis across epithelial cells into secretions. IgA2 also operates within the immunological network alongside J chain proteins instrumental in forming its dimeric structure important for appropriate secretion and function in mucosal immunity.

Associated diseases and disorders

IgA2 is connected to immunological conditions like IgA nephropathy and selective IgA deficiency. IgA nephropathy involves deposits of IgA in the kidneys which can lead to inflammatory kidney damage. In selective IgA deficiency individuals may have increased susceptibility to infections at mucosal surfaces due to decreased IgA levels wherein IgA2's role is significant. The interaction of IgA2 with other immunoglobulins becomes a factor in assessing these diseases especially with proteins that influence the immune response's regulation.