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Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody. N-terminal. Suitable for IHC-P and reacts with Human samples.

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Images

Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [SP277] - N-terminal (AB228470), expandable thumbnail
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [SP277] - N-terminal (AB228470), expandable thumbnail
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [SP277] - N-terminal (AB228470), expandable thumbnail
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [SP277] - N-terminal (AB228470), expandable thumbnail
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [SP277] - N-terminal (AB228470), expandable thumbnail

Key facts

Isotype
IgG
Host species
Rabbit
Storage buffer

pH: 7.6
Preservative: 0.1% Sodium azide
Constituents: PBS, 1% BSA

Form
Liquid
Clonality
Monoclonal

Immunogen

  • The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.

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Reactivity data

Select an application
Product promiseTestedExpectedPredictedNot recommended
IHC-P
Human
Tested

Tested
Tested

Species
Human
Dilution info
1/100
Notes

Primary incubation for 10 minutes at room temperature.

Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with citrate buffer pH 6 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

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Target data

Function

Catalyzes the first and rate limiting step of the catabolism of the essential amino acid tryptophan along the kynurenine pathway (PubMed:17671174). Involved in the peripheral immune tolerance, contributing to maintain homeostasis by preventing autoimmunity or immunopathology that would result from uncontrolled and overreacting immune responses (PubMed:25691885). Tryptophan shortage inhibits T lymphocytes division and accumulation of tryptophan catabolites induces T-cell apoptosis and differentiation of regulatory T-cells (PubMed:25691885). Acts as a suppressor of anti-tumor immunity (PubMed:14502282, PubMed:23103127, PubMed:25157255, PubMed:25691885). Limits the growth of intracellular pathogens by depriving tryptophan (PubMed:25691885). Protects the fetus from maternal immune rejection (PubMed:25691885).

Alternative names

IDO, INDO, IDO1, IDO-1

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Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody. N-terminal. Suitable for IHC-P and reacts with Human samples.

Key facts

Isotype
IgG
Form
Liquid
Clonality
Monoclonal
Immunogen
  • The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.
Clone number
SP277
Purification technique
Affinity purification Protein A/G
Concentration
Loading...
Purification notes

Purified from TCS by protein A/G.

Storage

Shipped at conditions
Blue Ice
Appropriate short-term storage duration
1-2 weeks
Appropriate short-term storage conditions
+4°C
Appropriate long-term storage conditions
-20°C
Aliquoting information
Upon delivery aliquot
Storage information
Avoid freeze / thaw cycle

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
Activity summary

Indoleamine 2 3-dioxygenase (IDO) also known as IDO1 is an enzyme involved in the catabolism of tryptophan to kynurenine. It weighs approximately 45 kDa and it is an important target in immunoregulatory processes. IDO is highly expressed in antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages as well as in various tumor cells where it helps modulate immune responses. This enzyme can also be measured by using assays like IDO ELISA.

Biological function summary

IDO plays a role in immune response regulation by degrading tryptophan an essential amino acid needed for T-cell proliferation. The depletion of tryptophan and the accumulation of its metabolites such as kynurenine cause immunosuppressive effects within the tissue microenvironment. While IDO functions mostly as a standalone enzyme its activity influences the cellular surroundings by altering the balance of local immune reactions.

Pathways

IDO integrates into the tryptophan metabolism pathway and is important in the kynurenine pathway. Through this pathway it maintains immune homeostasis and cell defense mechanisms. Proteins like kynureninase and kynurenine 3-monooxygenase also participate in the same metabolic processes which further extend the effects of tryptophan metabolism on immune cell behavior.

Associated diseases and disorders

IDO is linked with cancer and chronic inflammatory conditions. In cancer elevated IDO expression suppresses anti-tumor immunity aiding tumor cells to evade immune surveillance. It also plays a role in autoimmune disorders by regulating excessive immune activity. During cancer progression IDO often works in conjunction with immune checkpoint proteins like PD-L1 which further enhances its immunosuppressive capabilities within the tumor microenvironment.

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9 product images

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [SP277] - N-terminal (ab228470), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [SP277] - N-terminal (ab228470)

    Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human tonsil tissue stained for Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase with ab228470 at 1/100 dilution in immunohistochemical analysis.

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [SP277] - N-terminal (ab228470), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [SP277] - N-terminal (ab228470)

    Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human lung tissue stained for Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase with ab228470 at 1/100 dilution in immunohistochemical analysis.

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [SP277] - N-terminal (ab228470), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [SP277] - N-terminal (ab228470)

    Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissue stained for Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase with ab228470 at 1/100 dilution in immunohistochemical analysis.

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [SP277] - N-terminal (ab228470), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [SP277] - N-terminal (ab228470)

    Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human ovarian adenocarcinoma tissue stained for Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase with ab228470 at 1/100 dilution in immunohistochemical analysis.

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [SP277] - N-terminal (ab228470), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [SP277] - N-terminal (ab228470)

    Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human B-cell lymphoma tissue stained for Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase with ab228470 at 1/100 dilution in immunohistochemical analysis.

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [SP277] - N-terminal (ab228470), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [SP277] - N-terminal (ab228470)

    Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human endometrial adenocarcinoma tissue stained for Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase with ab228470 at 1/100 dilution in immunohistochemical analysis.

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [SP277] - N-terminal (ab228470), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [SP277] - N-terminal (ab228470)

    Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded HeLa (human epithelial cell line from cervix adenocarcinoma) treated with IFN stained for Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase with ab228470 at 1/100 dilution in immunohistochemical analysis.

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [SP277] - N-terminal (ab228470), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [SP277] - N-terminal (ab228470)

    Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded HeLa (human epithelial cell line from cervix adenocarcinoma) stained for Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase with ab228470 at 1/100 dilution in immunohistochemical analysis.

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [SP277] - N-terminal (ab228470), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [SP277] - N-terminal (ab228470)

    Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) staining using rabbit Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody

    Immunohistochemical analysis of formalin fixed paraffin embedded wild type (top panels) or IDO1 knockout (lower panels) A549 cells (Human IDO1 (Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase) knockout A549 cell line ab266949) labelling IDO1 with ab228470 at a concentration of 2.7µg/ml. Cells were pretreated with 25ng/ml interferon-gamma for 48hr prior to antibody incubation to induce target expression.

    The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument with a Bond™ Polymer Refine Detection kit. Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed with NaCi buffer (pH 6.0, Epitope Retrieval Solution 1) for 20mins.

    ab228470 Anti-Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [SP277] - N-terminal was incubated for 15mins at room temperature. Sections were counterstained with Hematoxylin. Images to the right show absence of staining with IgG isotype control antibody, rabbit IgG, monoclonal [EPR25A] - Isotype Control Rabbit IgG, monoclonal [EPR25A] - Isotype Control ab172730.

    Customers are encouraged to optimise antigen retrieval conditions, antibody concentration, incubation times and temperature for best results in their own IHC assay workflow (automated and manual).

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Product protocols

For this product, it's our understanding that no specific protocols are required. You can:

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