Anti-INPP4B Antibody [S08-7C7]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

INPP4B also known as inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase type II has a molecular mass of approximately 105 kDa. This enzyme primarily localizes in the cytoplasm but also presents in the nucleus. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of the 4-phosphate group from phosphoinositides converting phosphatidylinositol (34)-bisphosphate (PI(34)P2) to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P). INPP4B expression is noticeable in various tissues including the prostate thyroid and breast suggesting its diverse roles in different physiological processes.

Biological function summary

INPP4B participates in regulating intracellular signaling pathways and maintaining cellular homeostasis. It is a negative regulator of the PI3K/AKT signaling cascade a critical pathway controlling cell growth proliferation survival and metabolism. INPP4B acts as a tumor suppressor modulating signals that impact cellular transformation and tumorigenesis. While not known to form a complex itself it indirectly influences complexes within the cascade through its regulatory functions.

Pathways

INPP4B contributes to the PI3K/AKT and mTOR pathways. It regulates PI3K/AKT signaling by decreasing levels of PI(34)P2 therefore modulating AKT activity. This action makes it an essential component in controlling mTOR signaling which affects protein synthesis and autophagy. INPP4B closely interacts with other signaling proteins like PTEN also a phosphatase which further lowers PI3K signaling by dephosphorylating PI(345)P3 to PI(45)P2.

Associated diseases and disorders

INPP4B has notable links to cancer and insulin resistance. In some cancers like breast and prostate reduced INPP4B expression correlates with increased aggressive phenotypic markers and poor outcomes indicating its tumor-suppressive role. Its regulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway connects it to insulin signaling where dysregulated pathways can lead to insulin resistance a critical factor in type 2 diabetes. INPP4B interacts with proteins involved in these diseases like AKT and PTEN which further influence and exacerbate the pathology in these conditions.