Anti-Ionotropic glutamate receptor 2 + 3 antibody [EP929Y]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Ionotropic glutamate receptor 2 and 3 also known as GluR2 and GluR3 are subunits of AMPA receptors which are ion channels facilitating synaptic transmission. These receptors bind glutamate an important neurotransmitter and become permeable to cations leading to rapid excitatory synaptic signaling. The combined molecular masses of GluR2 and GluR3 subunits are approximately 200 kDa. They are predominantly expressed in the central nervous system particularly in the cortex hippocampus and cerebellum where they contribute to fast synaptic transmission and plasticity.

Biological function summary

These receptors play a role in regulating synaptic strength and neuronal communication. They are part of AMPA receptor complexes vital for modulating synaptic plasticity that underlies learning and memory. GluR2 contains a Q/R site near pore region controlling calcium permeability and channel conductance. This editing is necessary to prevent excessive calcium entry ensuring regulated neuronal activity and maintaining neuroprotective functions.

Pathways

AMPA receptors including GluR2 and GluR3 integrate into the glutamatergic system and are significantly involved in the long-term potentiation (LTP) pathway essential for synaptic plasticity. They interact with proteins like NMDA receptors which help the initiation phase of LTP. They also play a role in excitotoxicity pathways where excessive glutamate can lead to neuronal damage. This interaction with glutamate saves as a bridge between normal synaptic activity and dysregulated excitatory signals.

Associated diseases and disorders

Ionotropic glutamate receptor dysregulation associates with neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease and seizure disorders such as epilepsy. In Alzheimer's altered receptor trafficking leads to impaired synaptic function with amyloid-beta interacting with receptor systems including NMDA receptors. For epilepsy aberrant glutamate signaling through AMPA receptor subunits like GluR2 and GluR3 is a contributing factor to excitotoxicity and seizure pathogenesis suggesting potential therapeutic targets within receptor signaling pathways.