Anti-IRS1 (phospho S636 + S639) antibody [25HCLC]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

The protein IRS1 also known as Insulin Receptor Substrate 1 is an important player in insulin signaling. It is a docking protein that plays a part in the signaling pathway of insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) contributing to glucose homeostasis. The molecular weight of IRS1 is approximately 180 kDa. Expressed in various tissues including muscle liver and adipose tissue IRS1 facilitates the transmission of signals from activated cell surface receptors to intracellular pathways. Notable for its phosphorylation IRS1 undergoes change in state when interacting with receptor kinases impacting its role in cell signaling.

Biological function summary

IRS1 helps mediate the effects of insulin by acting as a downstream effector in the insulin signaling cascade. IRS1 functions in a complex manner binding with PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) after phosphorylation at specific tyrosine residues. This interaction is important for further signaling events leading to the regulation of glucose uptake lipid synthesis and gene expression. Besides its role in energy balance IRS1 plays a significant part in cell growth and differentiation driven by its ability to relay signals from the insulin and IGF receptors.

Pathways

IRS1 is heavily involved in the insulin signaling pathway and the PI3K-Akt pathway. Upon phosphorylation IRS1 binds to proteins such as the PI3K initiating a cascade that ultimately activates Akt resulting in anabolic processes within cells. The pathway is essential for regulating basic functions like metabolism growth and survival. IRS1's interaction with other related proteins like IR (insulin receptor) and IGFR (insulin-like growth factor receptor) highlights its integrative role in cellular processes related to energy and growth.

Associated diseases and disorders

IRS1 is implicated in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Changes in IRS1 phosphorylation patterns can disrupt normal insulin signaling leading to impaired glucose uptake and metabolic dysregulation. The protein's dysfunction is linked to obesity forming a connection through its interactions with other proteins like Akt and mTOR. Aberrant IRS1 activity may contribute to altered cell metabolism and growth promoting conditions like diabetes which highlights the importance of IRS1 in maintaining metabolic health.