Anti-K31 antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

K31 also known as keratin 31 or KRT31 is a type I hair keratin protein. It is an essential component of the inner root sheath of hair follicles. K31 has a molecular mass of approximately 44 kDa and is selectively expressed in hair follicle cells especially in the medulla and cortex of human hair. As part of the keratin family K31 plays a role in the cytoskeleton providing structure and support to epithelial cells.

Biological function summary

Keratin 31 participates in the formation of the hair shaft and influences hair texture and integrity. It interacts with other keratin proteins forming heterodimer complexes with type II keratins such as K81 and K82 to provide mechanical stability to hair fibers. This interaction is integral for maintaining the structural integrity of hair throughout the growth cycle. The expression of K31 and its partner proteins indicates its critical role in hair fiber development and cohesion.

Pathways

Keratin 31 functions within the trichocyte keratinization pathway which is vital for hair growth and differentiation. It collaborates with other hair keratins contributing significantly to the assembly of intermediate filaments. The Wnt signaling pathway indirectly influences K31 expression by regulating keratinocyte differentiation linking K31 to other proteins such as beta-catenin. These interactions highlight the importance of K31 in hair biology.

Associated diseases and disorders

Keratin 31 mutations or dysregulation have been connected to monilethrix a genetic hair disorder characterized by beaded hair and fragility. This condition involves abnormal keratinocyte biology highlighting K31’s association with hair structural stability issues. Furthermore altered expression of K31 is noted in certain cases of alopecia areata a condition that causes hair loss and involves an autoimmune reaction targeting hair follicles. Understanding K31’s role aids in developing treatments for these hair-related disorders.