Anti-Kallikrein 5 antibody

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Kallikrein 5 also known as KLK5 or stratum corneum tryptic enzyme is a serine protease enzyme with a molecular weight of approximately 30 kDa. It is encoded by the KLK5 gene and is part of the kallikrein family. KLK5 is mainly expressed in the skin but also found in other tissues such as the esophagus and breast. The enzyme plays a mechanical role in skin barrier function by processing and activating other kallikreins catalyzing the degradation of corneodesmosomes which are essential for skin desquamation.

Biological function summary

KLK5 assists in maintaining the skin's outermost layer by regulating the desquamation process. It does not operate in isolation but is an intrinsic part of the kallikrein proteolytic cascade which involves several other kallikrein-related peptidases including KLK7 and KLK14. This cascade ensures proper turnover and shedding of damaged or mature cells from the skin surface playing an important role in skin homeostasis and renewal. It is significant in forming a protective barrier against environmental insults.

Pathways

KLK5 integrates into the skin barrier and inflammation regulation pathways. Its activity influences the activation of other proteases and signaling molecules involved in skin inflammation and repair processes. Related proteins like protease-activated receptors (PARs) interact with KLK5 mediating downstream signaling that impacts inflammation and tissue remodeling. The cascades involving KLK5 serve as checkpoints in cutaneous homeostasis and immune responses.

KLK5 has an important association with skin conditions like atopic dermatitis and Netherton syndrome. In atopic dermatitis abnormal KLK5 expression leads to compromised skin barrier integrity exacerbating the condition. It also relates to LEKTI (lympho-epithelial Kazal-type related inhibitor) dysfunction in Netherton syndrome where uncontrolled KLK5 activity contributes to severe barrier defects. The interactions between KLK5 and these disorders highlight its role in pathophysiological processes affecting skin health.