Anti-LAG-3 antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

LAG-3 also known as CD223 is a transmembrane protein with a mass of approximately 70 kDa. It acts as a checkpoint molecule similar to CTLA-4 and PD-1 in the immune system. LAG-3 is expressed on activated T cells natural killer cells and some dendritic cells. It interacts with its ligand MHC class II leading to inhibition of cellular proliferation and cytokine secretion an important part of immune response regulation.

Biological function summary

LAG-3 is involved in maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmunity. It is not part of a complex but works in synergy with other immune checkpoint molecules. When interacting with MHC class II LAG-3 transmits inhibitory signals that attenuate immune cell responses. Its role in immune regulation helps to balance immune activation and tolerance which is essential for preventing tissue damage while protecting against pathogens.

Pathways

The inhibitory role of LAG-3 integrates into the T cell receptor (TCR) signaling pathway and is also linked to the PD-1 signaling pathway. In TCR signaling LAG-3 negatively regulates T cell activation. LAG-3 is functionally related to proteins like PD-1 and CTLA-4 sharing similar roles in immune checkpoint pathways that are critical for maintaining immune balance.

Associated diseases and disorders

LAG-3 has links to cancer and autoimmune diseases. In cancer LAG-3 expression on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes correlates with immune evasion by tumors. This relationship appears in various cancers including melanoma and renal cell carcinoma. In autoimmune diseases LAG-3's expression on regulatory T cells helps control conditions such as multiple sclerosis. It collaborates with CTLA-4 in modulating immune responses that prevent excessive immune activation and tissue damage associated with autoimmunity.