Anti-Langerin antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Langerin also known as CD207 is a type II transmembrane protein involved in the immune response. It weighs approximately 40 kDa and is expressed mainly in Langerhans cells a specialized subset of dendritic cells found in the skin and mucosal tissues. Langerin functions as a C-type lectin receptor with the ability to recognize and internalize glycosylated antigens. This target facilitates the capture and presentation of antigens enhancing the immune surveillance process.

Biological function summary

Langerin supports Langerhans cells in the recognition and processing of pathogens. The protein forms homotrimers enabling it to bind specific mannose-rich glycan structures on pathogens such as viruses and bacteria. Through its endocytic properties Langerin internalizes these antigens into Birbeck granules unique organelles in Langerhans cells promoting antigen processing and presentation to T cells therefore initiating immune responses.

Pathways

Langerin is critical for antigen uptake and processing via the lectin pathway of endocytosis. It interacts with other dendritic cell receptors and influences signaling pathways that enhance immune activation such as the Syk and Raf-1 kinase pathways. Langerin’s ability to internalize antigens connects it with proteins like DC-SIGN and MR which share roles in pathogen recognition and immune modulation.

Associated diseases and disorders

Langerin plays a significant role in conditions like Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) and HIV. In LCH abnormal proliferation of Langerhans cells occurs where Langerin expression helps in diagnosing and characterizing LCH lesions. In the context of HIV Langerin interacts with viral particles reducing their ability to infect immune cells. This protein also relates to other immune receptors like CD40 and CD86 which regulate immune responses in associated disorders.