Anti-LC3B antibody is a rabbit polyclonal antibody that is used in MAP1LC3B western blot (WB), IHC and immunocytochemistry/immunofluorescence (ICC/IF). Suitable for human, mouse and rat samples.
pH: 7.4
Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azide
Constituents: PBS
IHC-P | WB | ICC/IF | |
---|---|---|---|
Human | Expected | Tested | Tested |
Mouse | Tested | Tested | Expected |
Rat | Expected | Tested | Expected |
Cow | Predicted | Predicted | Predicted |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Mouse | Dilution info 1/200 - 1/400 | Notes Antigen Retrieval: Bring slides to a boil in 10 mM sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0) then maintain at a sub-boiling temperature for 10 minutes. Cool slides on bench-top for 30 minutes. Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with citrate buffer pH 6 before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Rat, Human | Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration. | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Cow | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Mouse | Dilution info 0.5-2 µg/mL | Notes Detects bands of approximately 17 kDa (LC3-II) and 19 kDa (LC3-I). |
Species Rat | Dilution info 0.5-2 µg/mL | Notes Detects bands of approximately 17 kDa (LC3-II) and 19 kDa (LC3-I). |
Species Human | Dilution info 0.5-2 µg/mL | Notes Detects bands of approximately 17 kDa (LC3-II) and 19 kDa (LC3-I). |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Cow | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1 µg/mL | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Rat | Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration. | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Cow | Dilution info - | Notes - |
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Ubiquitin-like modifier involved in formation of autophagosomal vacuoles (autophagosomes) (PubMed:20418806, PubMed:23209295, PubMed:28017329). Plays a role in mitophagy which contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by eliminating the mitochondria to a basal level to fulfill cellular energy requirements and preventing excess ROS production (PubMed:23209295, PubMed:28017329). In response to cellular stress and upon mitochondria fission, binds C-18 ceramides and anchors autophagolysosomes to outer mitochondrial membranes to eliminate damaged mitochondria (PubMed:22922758). While LC3s are involved in elongation of the phagophore membrane, the GABARAP/GATE-16 subfamily is essential for a later stage in autophagosome maturation (PubMed:20418806, PubMed:23209295, PubMed:28017329). Promotes primary ciliogenesis by removing OFD1 from centriolar satellites via the autophagic pathway (PubMed:24089205). Through its interaction with the reticulophagy receptor TEX264, participates in the remodeling of subdomains of the endoplasmic reticulum into autophagosomes upon nutrient stress, which then fuse with lysosomes for endoplasmic reticulum turnover (PubMed:31006537, PubMed:31006538). Upon nutrient stress, directly recruits cofactor JMY to the phagophore membrane surfaces and promotes JMY's actin nucleation activity and autophagosome biogenesis during autophagy (PubMed:30420355).
MAP1ALC3, MAP1LC3B, Microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B, Autophagy-related protein LC3 B, Autophagy-related ubiquitin-like modifier LC3 B, MAP1 light chain 3-like protein 2, MAP1A/MAP1B light chain 3 B, Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta, MAP1A/MAP1B LC3 B
Anti-LC3B antibody is a rabbit polyclonal antibody that is used in MAP1LC3B western blot (WB), IHC and immunocytochemistry/immunofluorescence (ICC/IF). Suitable for human, mouse and rat samples.
pH: 7.4
Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azide
Constituents: PBS
Anti-LC3B antibody - Autophagosome Marker (ab48394) is a rabbit polyclonal antibody and is validated for use in ICC/IF, IHC-P, WB in human samples.
Anti-LC3B antibody - Autophagosome Marker (ab48394) has been cited over 701 times in peer reviewed journals and is trusted by the scientific community.
Abcam's high quality validation processes ensure Anti-LC3B antibody - Autophagosome Marker (ab48394) has high sensitivity and specificity.
Anti-LC3B antibody - Autophagosome Marker (anti-MAP1LC3B antibody) (ab48394) has 32 independent reviews from customers.
Anti-LC3B antibody - Autophagosome Marker (ab48394) specifically detects LC3B (UniProt ID: Q9GZQ8; Molecular weight: 14kDa) and is sold in 100 µL selling sizes.
LC3B (MAP1LC3B) or Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta is a key marker of autophagy, a process that cancer cells often exploit for survival and growth. Elevated LC3B expression is commonly observed in various solid tumors and is associated with increased tumor proliferation and metastasis. LC3B facilitates the formation of autophagosomes, which help cancer cells manage stress and maintain cellular homeostasis.
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LC3B also known as microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta plays an important role in autophagy a process that maintains cellular homeostasis. The LC3B protein with a molecular weight of approximately 14 kDa undergoes lipidation to form LC3-II which associates with autophagosomal membranes. This protein expresses ubiquitously in various tissues including liver muscle and brain. Researchers often detect LC3B using techniques like LC3B western blot and LC3B immunofluorescence due to its function as a marker indicating autophagy levels.
LC3B contributes significantly to the formation and maturation of autophagosomes. LC3B part of the autophagy-related protein complex binds to autophagic membranes. During this process LC3-I converts to LC3-II a lipid-phosphatidylethanolamine conjugate essential for autophagosome membrane expansion and closure. This mechanism helps remove damaged organelles and misfolded proteins from cells therefore contributing to cellular quality control.
LC3B integrates into the autophagy pathway which is critical for cellular adaptive responses to stress. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway regulates autophagy where mTOR inhibition activates LC3B promoting autophagosome formation. Moreover LC3B operates alongside other proteins like Beclin-1 and ULK1 facilitating the initiation and progression of autophagy under nutrient starvation conditions. These interactions highlight LC3's role in cellular energy balance and survival mechanisms.
LC3B connects with conditions such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Altered autophagy levels mediated by LC3B often associate with tumorigenesis where its dysregulation can affect cancer progression. Furthermore LC3B also links to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's where impaired autophagy disrupts neuronal function. LC3B interacts with proteins such as p62/SQSTM1 which affects protein aggregate clearance a critical factor in neurodegenerative pathology.
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Immunostaining of LC3 (green) in the arcuate hypothalamic nucleus of lean and obese mice (A; 8 weeks of a HFD or B; 16 weeks of a HFD). DAPI (blue) was used for nuclear staining.
The brain was excised after the mice were decapitated. Each SNC was fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde and each hypothalamus was processed for paraffin embedding and sectioned into 5.0 μm sections. Samples were incubated with primary antibodies overnight and with secondary antibodies conjugated to FITC or rhodamine for 2 hours (sc2777and sc2092, respectively; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA). The DAPI stain was used for nuclear staining while the Leica FW 4500 B microscope captured the images. Hypothalamic areas were observed according to the landmarks in the mouse brain atlas. Analysis and documentation of the results were performed using Leica Application Suite V3.6 (Switzerland).
Western Blot shows lysates of HeLa (human epithelial cell line from cervix adenocarcinoma) cell line and LC3B knockout HeLa cell line (KO) untreated (-) or treated (+) with 50 uM Chloroquinine for 18 hours. PVDF membrane was probed with 0.5 ug/mL ab48394 followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody. A specific band was detected for LC3B at approximately 15 kDa (as indicated) in the parental HeLa cell line, but is not detectable in the knockout HeLa cell line. GAPDH is shown as a loading control. This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions.
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-LC3B antibody - Autophagosome Marker (ab48394)
Predicted band size: 15 kDa
HeLa (human epithelial cell line from cervix adenocarcinoma) cells (wild type, left; LC3B knockout HeLa, right) stained for LC3B using ab48394 (red) at 0.3 μg/ml in ICC/IF. Primary antibody was incubated for 3 hours at room temperature, followed by NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody. Counterstained with DAPI (blue).
LC3 was detected in immersion fixed Cloroquine treated Hela cells (left) but was not detected in LC3 knockout Hela cells (right).
LC3B immunofluorescence in primary follicles of PD 13 ovaries. The red dots represent LC3b and DAPI (blue) indicated cell nuclei.
For the immunofluorescence analysis, the ovaries were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, embedded in paraffin, and sectioned into 5 μm slices. After antigen retrieval, the slides were blocked with goat serum and incubated with primary antibody (rabbit anti-LC3B at 1:200) overnight at 4°C. Alexa Fluor 594 (Invitrogen) was used as the secondary antibody in immunofluorescence assays.
Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded mouse brain tissue stained for LC3B using ab48394 at 1/200 dilution in immunohistochemical analysis. The specific signal of LC3 was detected using HRP-conjugated secondary antibody with DAB reagent, and nuclei of cells were counterstained using hematoxylin. This LC3 antibody generated a low to moderate levels of cytoplasmic staining in the glial cells. The neurons depicted a moderate to strong staining for LC3 in their cytoplasm.
Western blot shows lysates of mouse NIH/3T3 (mouse embryo fibroblast cell line) and rat PC-12 (rat adrenal gland pheochromocytoma cell line) cell lines untreated (-) or treated (+) with Chloroquine. PVDF membrane was probed with 0.5 ug/mL rabbit anti-LC3B polyclonal Antibody (ab48394), followed by 1:2000 dilution of goat anti-rabbit IgG secondary antibody.
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-LC3B antibody - Autophagosome Marker (ab48394)
Predicted band size: 15 kDa
ab48394 staining LC3B in a Rat hepatocyte by ICC/IF (Immunocytochemistry/immunofluorescence). Cells were fixed with formaldehyde, permeabilized with 0.2% Triton X-100 in PBS and blocked with 1% Donkey serum in 0.1% PBST for 60 minutes at 21°C. Samples were incubated with primary antibody (1/50 in PBS + 1% BSA) for 3 hours at 22°C. An Alexa Fluor® 394-conjugated Donkey anti-rabbit IgG polyclonal was used as the secondary antibody at a dilution of 1/200.
ab48394 staining LC3B in HeLa cells treated with calmidazolium chloride (Calmidazolium chloride, Calmodulin inhibitor ab120658), by ICC/IF. Increase of LC3B expression correlates with increased concentration of calmidazolium chloride, as described in literature.
The cells were incubated at 37°C for 6h in media containing different concentrations of Calmidazolium chloride, Calmodulin inhibitor ab120658 (calmidazolium chloride) in DMSO, fixed with 4% formaldehyde for 10 minutes at room temperature and blocked with PBS containing 10% goat serum, 0.3 M glycine, 1% BSA and 0.1% tween for 2h at room temperature. Staining of the treated cells with ab48394 (1 μg/ml) was performed overnight at 4°C in PBS containing 1% BSA and 0.1% tween. A DyLight 488 anti-rabbit polyclonal antibody (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (DyLight® 488) preadsorbed ab96899) at 1/250 dilution was used as the secondary antibody. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI and are shown in blue.
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-LC3B antibody - Autophagosome Marker (ab48394) at 1/2000 dilution
Lane 1: Rat whole tissue lysate - Normal liver at 30 µg
Lane 2: Rat whole tissue lysate - liver treated with AEE788 at 50 mg/kg 3 times a week for 1 week at 30 µg
Lane 3: Rat whole tissue lysate - liver treated with RAD at 2.5 mg/kg daily for 1 week at 30 µg
All lanes: Western blot - Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab6721) at 1/5000 dilution
Developed using the ECL technique.
Predicted band size: 15 kDa
Observed band size: 17 kDa
Exposure time: 1min
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