Anti-LNP antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) serve as important carriers in drug delivery systems especially for mRNA vaccines. They are composed of lipids and possess an average mass that varies depending on the lipid composition and payload they carry. LNPs are often used to encapsulate nucleic acids such as mRNA providing protection and enhancing cellular uptake. Expression of LNP content localizes primarily to sites where mRNA vaccines are administered delivering cargo into target cells efficiently.

Biological function summary

Lipid nanoparticles facilitate the delivery and release of payloads like mRNA inside cells. They do not inherently form part of a biological complex but when combined with mRNA they act as a pseudo-complex that helps ensure the stability and proper cellular entry of the genetic material. LNPs utilize endocytic pathways for cellular uptake where they eventually release their payload into the cytosol through endosomal escape mechanisms.

Pathways

One should note that LNPs significantly engage in endocytosis a critical cellular uptake pathway. Through their delivery mechanism they interact indirectly with proteins involved in membrane fusion and endosomal escape such as SNARE proteins and proton pumps that regulate endosomal pH levels. Moreover when carrying mRNA constructs they indirectly participate in the protein translation pathways by facilitating the mRNA's availability in the cytosol for ribosomes to function.

Associated diseases and disorders

Lipid nanoparticles have revolutionized vaccine development prominently evidenced by their role in mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. They relate to the efficacy of vaccine-induced immune responses. Conditions such as viral infections and genetic disorders have therefore seen therapeutic advancements through the use of LNPs linked to the successful delivery of mRNA sequences coding for immunogenic proteins or therapeutic peptides. In these cases proteins like spike protein (from SARS-CoV-2) become the focus of the robust immune response facilitated through LNP-mediated delivery systems.