Anti-LT subunit (A + B) antibody

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Biological function summary

The LT subunit interacts with the host cell membrane where the B subunit facilitates the entry of the A subunit into the cytosol. Upon entry the A subunit enzymatically modifies the Gs alpha subunit of the adenylate cyclase complex resulting in increased cyclic AMP levels. This elevation in cyclic AMP leads to altered ion transport across the intestinal epithelial cells causing water and electrolyte imbalance. The LT subunit functions within a larger toxin complex and collaborates with additional bacterial factors to disrupt host cell processes.

Pathways

The mechanisms involving the LT subunit impact the cAMP signaling pathway important for regulating many cellular processes. Changes in cAMP levels induced by LT alter the activity of the protein kinase A (PKA) which subsequently affects the phosphorylation of various substrates. The changes also impact chloride channels such as CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator) leading to ion imbalance and diarrhea. The interactions link the LT subunit function to other key proteins such as G proteins that regulate intracellular signaling.