Anti-MC2-R antibody

Supplementary info

Activity summary

The melanocortin 2 receptor (MC2-R) also known as ACTH receptor is a protein that mechanically functions as a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). It is responsible for mediating activity through adenylate cyclase signaling by binding with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). This receptor has a molecular mass of approximately 33 kDa. MC2-R is mostly expressed in the adrenal cortex where it plays a role in synthesizing and releasing glucocorticoids.

Biological function summary

The action of MC2-R initiates the adrenal response to stress through glucocorticoid production which is important for maintaining homeostasis in the body. MC2-R functions as a standalone entity rather than as part of a larger complex. By binding to ACTH MC2-R triggers downstream signaling that leads to steroidogenesis. The biosynthesis of glucocorticoids helps in managing energy immune function and circadian rhythm.

Pathways

MC2-R is integral in the cAMP signaling pathway and the stress response pathway. In the cAMP signaling activation of MC2-R by ACTH results in increased production of cyclic AMP further promoting enzyme activation essential for glucocorticoid synthesis. Its activity is connected to the broader steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway working closely with proteins like StAR (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein) which facilitates cholesterol transport to the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Associated diseases and disorders

Disruptions in MC2-R function can lead to conditions like familial glucocorticoid deficiency and Cushing's syndrome. Dysfunctional receptor signaling may lead to inadequate glucocorticoid production or excessive hormone levels. The role of MC2-R in these disorders connects it closely with proteins like MC1-R another melanocortin receptor involved in pigmentation and inflammatory response which also signifies related signaling cascade abnormalities.