Anti-MDM2 (phospho S185) antibody

Supplementary info

Activity summary

MDM2 also known as murine double minute 2 is an important regulator of the p53 tumor suppressor protein. It functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase targeting p53 for proteasomal degradation. The MDM2 protein has a molecular weight of approximately 55 kDa. It is expressed in various human tissues with higher levels in rapidly dividing cells. MDM2 interacts through its N-terminal domain with the transactivation domain of p53 inhibiting its transcriptional activity.

Biological function summary

The MDM2 protein plays a central role in cell cycle control and apoptosis regulation. It forms a complex with p53 which modulates p53's stability and activity. By binding to p53 MDM2 prevents p53 from inducing cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in response to DNA damage or oncogenic signals. Its interaction allows cells to proliferate even in the presence of potential growth-arrest signals maintaining homeostasis under normal physiological conditions.

Pathways

MDM2 and p53 form a critical axis within the DNA damage response and tumorigenesis pathways. The p53-MDM2 feedback loop is a well-studied mechanism that balances cell survival and death. When DNA damage occurs p53 gets activated and in turn upregulates MDM2 expression creating a feedback loop. Other proteins like ARF also interact with MDM2 inhibiting its activity towards p53 and thereby enhancing p53 function during cellular stress.

Associated diseases and disorders

Mutations or overexpression of the MDM2 protein are often associated with various cancers including sarcoma and breast cancer. In these cancers MDM2 amplification leads to enhanced degradation of p53 resulting in unchecked cell proliferation. MDM2's involvement in these pathologies highlights its potential as a therapeutic target with inhibitors like Nutlin-3 being developed to disrupt the MDM2-p53 interaction. The relationship between MDM2 and other proteins such as HDM201 in the context of p53 alterations further highlights its importance in cancer biology.