Anti-mH2A2 antibody

Supplementary info

Activity summary

MH2A2 also known as macroH2A2 is a variant of the histone H2A family with a distinct structural feature that includes a large macro domain. This protein weighs approximately 42 kDa and plays roles in chromatin organization and transcription regulation. The expression of mH2A2 occurs in various tissues with notable presence in the liver and testis. It acts by incorporating itself into nucleosomes affecting chromatin accessibility and influencing gene expression.

Biological function summary

MH2A2 influences processes such as gene silencing DNA repair and cellular differentiation. It is part of the nucleosome complex where its presence can result in a more compact chromatin structure leading to decreased gene activity. mH2A2 contributes to X-chromosome inactivation in females by associating with the inactive X chromosome. Moreover it has a role in the cellular response to DNA damage where it helps in maintaining genome stability.

Pathways

MH2A2 is involved in the chromatin remodeling and transcription regulation pathways. It interacts with proteins like histone deacetylases (HDACs) and polycomb repressive complexes impacting epigenetic gene regulation. Through these pathways mH2A2 participates in controlling developmental processes and cellular differentiation linking its function to the A/B compartments of chromatin. This regulation ultimately influences cell-specific gene expression patterns and cellular identity.

Associated diseases and disorders

MH2A2 has been linked to cancer and metabolic disorders. Studies have shown altered expression of mH2A2 in certain cancers where it associates with tumor suppressor proteins like p53 impacting cellular growth and apoptosis. In metabolic disorders changes in mH2A2 levels affect liver metabolism potentially contributing to conditions such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Understanding the role of mH2A2 in these diseases could provide insights into developing novel therapeutic strategies.