Anti-MICA antibody [3H5]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

MICA also known as MHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A is a protein encoded by the MICA gene. It has a molecular weight of approximately 62 kDa. MICA is a stress-induced ligand expressed on the surface of various cell types including epithelial cells fibroblasts and some tumor cells. This protein is part of the MHC class I chain-related (MIC) family which plays an important role in the immune system by interacting with natural killer (NK) cells and certain T cells.

Biological function summary

The MICA protein acts as a ligand for the NKG2D receptor an activating receptor found on NK cells and some T-cell subsets. MICA does not require expression as part of a complex with β2-microglobulin for function. When cells express MICA they signal distress allowing immune cells to target and destroy potentially harmful cells such as those infected with viruses or transformed into cancer cells. This interaction is an important component of the immune surveillance system.

Pathways

MICA functions within the natural cytotoxicity effector pathway heavily involved in immune responses. It is also relevant in the DNA damage response pathways. Within these pathways MICA interacts with proteins like NKG2D and plays a part in mediating cellular responses to stress and damage. These interactions enhance the capacity of immune cells to recognize and eliminate abnormal cells.

Associated diseases and disorders

MICA is associated with conditions such as psoriasis and certain types of cancer. Studies have shown increased levels of soluble MICA in the sera of patients with psoriasis indicating a role in inflammation. Additionally in cancer MICA expression affects tumor immunity connecting to the NKG2D receptor to influence immune cell targeting and destruction of tumor cells. Researchers use tools such as MICA ELISA kits and imaging techniques to study its role in these diseases.