Anti-MST1/MST2 (phospho T180 + T183) antibody [EPR1467Y] - BSA and Azide free

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

The MST1/MST2 proteins also known as STK4 and STK3 play mechanical roles as serine/threonine kinases. Each protein has a molecular mass of around 56-58 kDa. They are expressed in many tissues with high levels noted in the liver pancreas and kidney. These proteins exist mainly in the cytoplasm and can translocate to the nucleus upon activation. Activation usually takes place through autophosphorylation at certain residues which further facilitates phosphorylation of downstream substrates.

Biological function summary

MST1/MST2 function as core components of the Hippo signaling pathway. They act in a kinase complex together with other proteins like SAV1 LATS1 and MOB1. Their activities involve regulating cell proliferation apoptosis and organ size control. By phosphorylating other signaling molecules they decide whether cells enter apoptosis or continue proliferating impacting cellular homeostasis. MST1/MST2 phosphorylation triggers a cascade that ultimately influences transcriptional control in the nucleus.

Pathways

Both MST1 and MST2 integrate into the Hippo and Ras signaling pathways. Within the Hippo pathway they phosphorylate large tumor suppressors such as LATS1 and LATS2 which then regulate the transcriptional co-activators YAP and TAZ. This interaction helps determine gene expression associated with cell growth and survival. Hippo pathway's role links with Ras signaling where unchecked activity can lead to oncogenesis. MST1/MST2 function connects with MAP kinase proteins that play parts in oncogenic and apoptotic balance.

Associated diseases and disorders

MST1 and MST2 exhibit connections to cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Their regulatory dysfunction can contribute to tumor development due to disrupted cellular homeostasis. Low expression or mutation in MST genes relates to multiple types of cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma. MST1 has an association with neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's disease where its role involves apoptosis-related protein interactions including those with caspases. Proper MST1/MST2 function is essential for maintaining controlled cell growth and apoptosis to prevent such diseases.