Anti-Myelin Basic Protein antibody [22]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

The myelin basic protein also referred to as MBP or MBP protein plays an important mechanical role in the central nervous system. It is a major component in the formation and stability of the myelin sheath which wraps around nerve fibers to ensure efficient neural signaling. The molecular weight of MBP can vary due to alternative splicing; one common form has a mass of about 18.5 kDa. MBP is expressed predominantly in oligodendrocytes within the brain and spinal cord where it helps form the myelin sheath. MBP2 is another variant that may be mentioned in some contexts.

Biological function summary

MBP is not just a passive structural element; it binds and interacts with lipids and other proteins to maintain the compact structure of the myelin sheath. MBP forms part of a complex that includes various other proteins and lipids ensuring the stability and function of myelin. Misfolding or altered expression of MBP can compromise myelin integrity affecting the insulation of neural pathways and signal transmission.

Pathways

MBP is an essential component in the pathways of myelination and neural plasticity. It plays a role in the signaling pathways that stimulate the development and maintenance of the myelin sheath. The protein interacts with other elements of the myelin sheath such as proteolipid protein (PLP) and myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) to coordinate its formation and repair processes.

Associated diseases and disorders

MBP is linked closely to multiple sclerosis (MS) and other demyelinating conditions. Damage to or autoimmunity against MBP leads to the degradation of the myelin sheath contributing to the neurological symptoms in MS. The protein interacts with elements of the immune system with autoantibodies targeting MBP often found in MS patients. Another disorder associated with MBP dysfunction is Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease where abnormal MBP expression and structure can impact nerve function.