Anti-NAIP antibody [EPR6169]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

NAIP also known as NLR family apoptosis inhibitory protein is a member of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor (NLR) family. It plays an important role in cellular defense mechanisms. NAIP has a mass of approximately 140 kDa. It is mostly expressed in the central nervous system particularly within neurons as well as in some immune cells like macrophages. This protein functions as an inhibitor of apoptotic processes providing a protective mechanism against unwanted cell death.

Biological function summary

The primary function of NAIP is to regulate inflammation and modulate the immune response. NAIP forms part of a larger protein complex known as the inflammasome specifically the NAIP/NLRC4 inflammasome. This complex recognizes bacterial components like flagellin leading to the activation of caspase-1 which then initiates the maturation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). By contributing to inflammasome activation NAIP is essential for the organism's immune defense against certain intracellular pathogens.

Pathways

NAIP plays a significant role in the inflammatory and immune signaling pathways. It is closely linked with the IL-1 signaling pathway and the innate immune pathway. Through these pathways NAIP interacts functionally with other proteins such as NLRC4 and caspase-1. The interaction of NAIP within these pathways permits a finely-tuned response to pathogen encounters and maintains homeostasis within immune signaling.

Associated diseases and disorders

NAIP's malfunction or alteration associates with neurodegenerative diseases and certain cancers. For instance defects in NAIP function have been linked to spinal muscular atrophy where reduced levels of NAIP correlate with the severity of the condition. In cancer NAIP's role in inhibiting apoptosis might contribute to tumor progression by allowing abnormal cells to evade programmed cell death. The interplay between NAIP and proteins such as SMN1 in spinal muscular atrophy reflects its involvement in disease mechanics emphasizing its relevance as a target for therapeutic intervention.