Anti-Neurofilament heavy polypeptide antibody [RNF404]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Neurofilament heavy polypeptide often referred to as NF-H or neurofilament heavy chain plays an important role in the structural integrity of neurons. This protein is a critical component of the cytoskeleton in neurons consisting of an approximate molecular mass of 200 kDa. It is predominantly expressed in the neuronal axons where it contributes to the assembly and stability of neurofilament structures. NF-H is essential for maintaining axonal diameter and for proper conduction of electrical impulses along nerve fibers.

Biological function summary

This polypeptide participates in the formation of neurofilament a complex structure that includes other neurofilament proteins like the neurofilament light (NF-L) and neurofilament medium (NF-M). These proteins form a stable scaffold within the axon aiding in neuronal growth and repair. The phosphorylation of NF-H modulates its interactions within the neurofilament network influencing axonal transport processes and dynamics which are vital for neuron function and survival.

Pathways

Neurofilament heavy polypeptide is integral to the axonal transport pathway important in conveying molecules between the neuronal cell body and the synaptic terminals. Through its interactions with microtubules and motor proteins NF-H facilitates the movement of organelles and neurotransmitters. It has significant associations with proteins involved in the ubiquitin-proteasome system reflecting its role in maintaining neuronal homeostasis and proteostasis essential in neuronal development and function.

Associated diseases and disorders

Neurofilament heavy polypeptide serves as an important biomarker for neurodegenerative disorders such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Alzheimer's disease. NF-H especially in phosphorylated form accumulates in conditions of axonal injury or degeneration. It often interacts with tau protein in Alzheimer's pathology forming neurofibrillary tangles. Elevated levels of NF-H in cerebrospinal fluid or blood can indicate neuronal damage offering insights into disease progression and potential targets for therapeutic intervention.