Anti-NRF2 antibody [HL1021] - BSA and Azide free

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Nrf2 also known as nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 is a transcription factor with a molecular weight of approximately 66 kDa. It plays a mechanical role in regulating the expression of antioxidant proteins that protect against oxidative damage triggered by injury and inflammation. Nrf2 is ubiquitously expressed in various tissues including the liver lungs and skin. Nrf2 activation occurs when it translocates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus to bind the antioxidant response element (ARE) in the DNA starting transcription of target genes.

Biological function summary

Nrf2 acts as an important regulator of the cellular antioxidant response. It works in conjunction with its partner protein Keap1 forming a complex that controls its stability and degradation. Under normal conditions Keap1 keeps Nrf2 in the cytoplasm where it is targeted for ubiquitination and degradation. Once activated by oxidative stress or electrophiles Nrf2 dissociates from Keap1 thereby avoiding degradation and relocates to the nucleus to activate the transcription of ARE-dependent genes. This activity boosts the cellular response to oxidative stress by inducing genes involved in detoxification and cellular defense.

Pathways

Nrf2 plays a significant role in the oxidative stress response and detoxification pathways. Nrf2 activation is linked closely to the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway which influences cell survival growth and metabolism. This pathway also interacts with other important proteins like GSK-3β which can modulate Nrf2 activity and stability. Through these pathways Nrf2 orchestrates a defense mechanism against reactive oxygen species (ROS) by boosting the expression of antioxidant enzymes and detoxifying proteins.

Associated diseases and disorders

Nrf2 has been associated with conditions like cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. In cancer aberrant Nrf2 activation may lead to enhanced tumor survival by increasing expression of cytoprotective genes which makes cancer cells resistant to chemotherapy. Nrf2 also interacts with proteins such as p53 which play roles in tumor suppression and cellular stress responses. In neurodegenerative disorders reduced Nrf2 activity can contribute to oxidative stress leading to neuron damage and disease progression with proteins like amyloid-beta also being linked with oxidative processes affected by Nrf2 functionality.