Anti-p19 INK4d antibody

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Biological function summary

The p19 protein exerts its effects by tightly binding to CDK4 and CDK6 forming a complex that impedes their kinase activity. This interaction results in the prevention of the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein (pRb) a critical step required for cell cycle progression from G1 to S phase. In doing so p19 INK4d maintains cellular growth control and prevents the transition into unchecked cell division. The regulation of pRb is vital for the prevention of cancerous growth as phosphorylated pRb releases E2F transcription factors that drive S phase entry and DNA synthesis.

Pathways

The activity of p19 INK4d influences the retinoblastoma (Rb) pathway one of the major pathways governing cell cycle control. The Rb pathway regulates the transcriptional repression of E2F target genes associated with cell cycle progression. Besides its interaction with Rb p19 INK4d is also connected with the p53 pathway which oversees cellular responses to DNA damage and stress. This links p19 INK4d indirectly to proteins like the MDM2 and p21 where these pathways intersect to coordinate cell cycle arrest mechanisms.