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AB16478

Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody

4

(2 Reviews)

|

(19 Publications)

Rabbit Polyclonal PADI2 / PAD2 antibody. Suitable for Flow Cyt, ELISA, WB, IHC-P, ICC/IF and reacts with Rat, Human samples. Cited in 19 publications.

View Alternative Names

KIAA0994, PAD2, PDI2, PADI2, Protein-arginine deiminase type-2, PAD-H19, Peptidylarginine deiminase II, Protein-arginine deiminase type II

3 Images
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody (AB16478)
  • ICC/IF

Unknown

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody (AB16478)

ICC/IF image of ab16478 stained human Hek293 cells. The cells were PFA fixed (10 min), permabilised in 0.1% PBS-Tween (20 min) and incubated with the antibody (ab16478, 5µg/ml) for 1h at room temperature. 1%BSA / 10% normal goat serum / 0.3M glycine was used to block non-specific protein-protein interactions. The secondary antibody (green) was Alexa Fluor® 488 goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) used at a 1/1000 dilution for 1h. Alexa Fluor® 594 WGA was used to label plasma membranes (red). DAPI was used to stain the cell nuclei (blue).

Western blot - Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody (AB16478)
  • WB

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Western blot - Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody (AB16478)

This blot was produced using a 10% Bis-tris gel under the MOPS buffer system. The gel was run at 200V for 50 minutes before being transferred onto a Nitrocellulose membrane at 30V for 70 minutes. The membrane was then blocked for an hour using 5% Bovine Serum Albumin before being incubated with ab16478 overnight at 4°C. Antibody binding was detected using an anti-rabbit antibody conjugated to HRP, and visualised using ECL development solution. The 75-kDa band observed is consistent with what has been described in the literature (PMID : 18668562; 20668670; 16723463).+--+ | | +--+

All lanes:

Western blot - Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody (ab16478) at 1 µg/mL

All lanes:

Human kidney tissue lysate - total protein (<a href='/en-us/products/unavailable/human-kidney-tissue-lysate-total-protein-ab30203'>ab30203</a>) at 20 µg

Secondary

All lanes:

Western blot - Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (<a href='/en-us/products/secondary-antibodies/goat-rabbit-igg-h-l-hrp-ab97051'>ab97051</a>) at 1/10000 dilution

Predicted band size: 76 kDa

Observed band size: 34 kDa,75 kDa

true

Exposure time: 20min

Western blot - Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody (AB16478)
  • WB

CiteAb

Western blot - Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody (AB16478)

PADI2 / PAD2 western blot using anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody ab16478. Publication image and figure legend from Zhou, Y., Chen, B., et al., 2017, Front Immunol, PubMed 28993780.

ab16478 was used in this publication in western blot. This may not be the same as the application(s) guaranteed by Abcam. For a full list of applications guaranteed by Abcam for ab16478 please see the product overview.

Western blot analysis of secreted PADs in neutrophil-conditioned media and determination of neutrophil PAD2/PAD4 extracellular activity. (A) Anti-PAD2 immunoblot of concentrated neutrophil-conditioned media from four different healthy donors (D1–D4). (B) Anti-PAD4 immunoblot of same samples with longer exposure time. (C) Characterization of the blocking anti-PAD2 and anti-PAD4 antibodies. Upper panel, anti-citrullinated histone H3 immunoblot of a reaction with recombinant PAD2 in the presence of control NIP228 IgG antibody (lane 1), blocking anti-PAD4 antibody (lanes 2–4), or a blocking anti-PAD2 antibody (lanes 5–7) at the indicated concentrations. Lower panel, similar reaction with recombinant PAD4 in the presence of the same antibodies. (D) Anti-citrullinated histone H3 immunoblot of the culture supernatant of human neutrophils incubated with histone H3 plus blocking anti-PAD2 or anti-PAD4 antibodies as indicated (lane 1–5); 2 mM EDTA was added to demonstrate the calcium-dependence of the reaction (lane 6); neutrophil-conditioned media, plus blocking antibodies as indicated (lanes 7–11). No antibodies were added in lanes 1 and 7, whereas control IgG NIP228 was added in lanes 2 and 8. (E) Anti-citrullinated fibrinogen immunoblot of the supernatant from the incubation of fibrinogen with neutrophils plus blocking antibodies. No antibodies were added in lane 1, whereas control IgG NIP228 was added in lane 2. Lower panel, Coomassie Brilliant blue staining as a loading control. All data are representative of five independent experiments with different donors.

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Key facts

Host species

Rabbit

Clonality

Polyclonal

Isotype

IgG

Carrier free

No

Reacts with

Human, Rat

Applications

Flow Cyt, ELISA, WB, ICC/IF, IHC-P

applications

Immunogen

The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.

Specificity

ab16478 recognises a specific 75kDa band corresponding to PADI2, which is specifically blocked using the immunizing peptide in human colon, skeletal muscle and kidney lysates. There is a non-specific 18kDa band present in skeletal muscle lysates, which is attributed to cross-reactivity of the PADI2 antibody.

Replenishment batches of ab16478 are tested in WB. Previous batches were additionally validated in ELISA, Flow Cyt, ICC/IF and IHC-P. These applications are still expected to work and are covered by our Abpromise guarantee.

Reactivity data

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Properties and storage information

Form
Liquid
Purification technique
Affinity purification Immunogen
Storage buffer
pH: 7.4 Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azide Constituents: PBS, 1% BSA
Shipped at conditions
Blue Ice
Appropriate short-term storage duration
1-2 weeks
Appropriate short-term storage conditions
+4°C
Appropriate long-term storage conditions
-20°C
Aliquoting information
Upon delivery aliquot
Storage information
Avoid freeze / thaw cycle

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

PADI2 also known as PAD2 or PADdeux is a protein that performs post-translational modification by converting arginine residues into citrulline residues in proteins through a process known as citrullination. This protein has an approximate mass of 75 kDa. PADI2 is expressed in many tissues but shows higher levels in the brain skeletal muscle and mammary gland. Within these tissues PADI2 plays a role in regulating various physiological processes by altering protein function through citrullination.
Biological function summary

PADI2 contributes significantly to the regulation of gene expression protein function and signal transduction. PADI2 does not exist as part of a larger protein complex yet it interacts with other proteins to regulate cellular processes. In particular it modifies histones which impacts chromatin structure and gene expression playing a role in cell differentiation and immune response modulation. Its activity can affect various cellular outcomes by regulating the function and interaction of different protein substrates.

Pathways

PADI2 takes part in gene regulation and cell differentiation processes by modifying histones and impacting chromatin structure. It is integral in pathways related to inflammation and immune responses such as the NF-kB signaling pathway enhancing its biological role. PADI2 interacts with multiple proteins including histones and other signaling molecules reinforcing its critical role in these pathways.

PADI2 has been linked to rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis due to its role in immune modulation and inflammation. In rheumatoid arthritis aberrant citrullination by PADI2 contributes to the production of autoantibodies which are involved in the disease's pathogenesis. It also associates with abnormal neural processes in multiple sclerosis where citrullinated proteins potentially contribute to the demyelination process. In these conditions PADI2's function relates closely with other citrullinating proteins such as PADI4 highlighting the interconnectedness of these pathways in disease.

Product protocols

For this product, it's our understanding that no specific protocols are required. You can visit:

Target data

Catalyzes the deimination of arginine residues of proteins.
See full target information PADI2

Publications (19)

Recent publications for all applications. Explore the full list and refine your search

The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society 72:387-397 PubMed38752478

2024

DCM-Spheroid Morphs Express PADs and Citrullinated Cytoskeletal Proteins.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Alia Sadiq,Justyna Fert-Bober

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences 378:20220477 PubMed37778379

2023

An unbiased proteomic analysis of PAD4 in human monocytes: novel substrates, binding partners and subcellular localizations.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Mekha A Thomas,Seok-Young Kim,Ashley M Curran,Barbara Smith,Brendan Antiochos,Chan Hyun Na,Erika Darrah

Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) 236:e13869 PubMed36002394

2022

Citrullination is linked to reduced Ca sensitivity in hearts of a murine model of rheumatoid arthritis.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Gianluigi Pironti,Stefano Gastaldello,Dilson E Rassier,Johanna T Lanner,Mattias Carlström,Lars H Lund,Håkan Westerblad,Takashi Yamada,Daniel C Andersson

American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology 322:L593-L606 PubMed35200041

2022

Fibrinogen mediates cadmium-induced macrophage activation and serves as a predictor of cadmium exposure in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Fu Jun Li,Ranu Surolia,Pooja Singh,Kevin G Dsouza,Crystal T Stephens,Zheng Wang,Rui-Ming Liu,Sejong Bae,Young-Il Kim,Mohammad Athar,Mark T Dransfield,Veena B Antony

Journal of autoimmunity 117:102581 PubMed33310262

2020

Subjects at-risk for future development of rheumatoid arthritis demonstrate a PAD4-and TLR-dependent enhanced histone H3 citrullination and proinflammatory cytokine production in CD14 monocytes.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Yuko Okamato,Tusharkanti Ghosh,Tsukasa Okamoto,Ronald P Schuyler,Jennifer Seifert,Laura Lenis Charry,Ashley Visser,Marie Feser,Chelsie Fleischer,Chong Pedrick,Justin August,Laurakay Moss,Elizabeth A Bemis,Jill M Norris,Kristine A Kuhn,M Kristen Demoruelle,Kevin D Deane,Debashis Ghosh,V Michael Holers,Elena W Y Hsieh

Cell reports 31:107807 PubMed32579933

2020

Identification of Conserved Proteomic Networks in Neurodegenerative Dementia.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Vivek Swarup,Timothy S Chang,Duc M Duong,Eric B Dammer,Jingting Dai,James J Lah,Erik C B Johnson,Nicholas T Seyfried,Allan I Levey,Daniel H Geschwind

Frontiers in immunology 11:85 PubMed32117246

2020

Citrullination Alters the Antiviral and Immunomodulatory Activities of the Human Cathelicidin LL-37 During Rhinovirus Infection.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Víctor Casanova,Filipa Henderson Sousa,Priyanka Shakamuri,Pavel Svoboda,Chloé Buch,Mathilde D'Acremont,Maria A Christophorou,Jan Pohl,Craig Stevens,Peter G Barlow

Pathology oncology research : POR 26:1279-1285 PubMed31267364

2019

Peptidyl Arginine Deiminase, Type II (PADI2) Is Involved in Urothelial Bladder Cancer.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Bao-Shan Gao,Chun-Shu Rong,Hong-Mei Xu,Tao Sun,Jie Hou,Ying Xu

Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP 17:175-189 PubMed29133510

2017

Single Cell Immuno-Laser Microdissection Coupled to Label-Free Proteomics to Reveal the Proteotypes of Human Brain Cells After Ischemia.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Teresa García-Berrocoso,Víctor Llombart,Laura Colàs-Campàs,Alexandre Hainard,Virginie Licker,Anna Penalba,Laura Ramiro,Alba Simats,Alejandro Bustamante,Elena Martínez-Saez,Francesc Canals,Jean-Charles Sanchez,Joan Montaner

Frontiers in immunology 8:1200 PubMed28993780

2017

Spontaneous Secretion of the Citrullination Enzyme PAD2 and Cell Surface Exposure of PAD4 by Neutrophils.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Yebin Zhou,Bo Chen,Nanette Mittereder,Raghothama Chaerkady,Martin Strain,Ling-Ling An,Saifur Rahman,Wenting Ma,Choon Pei Low,Denice Chan,Frances Neal,Clifton O Bingham,Kevon Sampson,Erika Darrah,Richard M Siegel,Sarfaraz Hasni,Felipe Andrade,Katherine A Vousden,Tomas Mustelin,Gary P Sims
View all publications

Product promise

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